complete verse (Romans 16:6)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 16:6:

  • Uma: “And to Maria also my greetings. She works hard for you.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Tell Mariyam that I remember her also. She really works hard there with you.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Greet also Mary; she has done much work in order to help you.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Another is Maria whose work for you was excessive.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “And also Mary, please greet for me. This one has done very much work there where you are.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

formal 2nd person plural pronoun (Japanese)

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Like a number of other East Asian languages, Japanese uses a complex system of honorifics, i.e. a system where a number of different levels of politeness are expressed in language via words, word forms or grammatical constructs. These can range from addressing someone or referring to someone with contempt (very informal) to expressing the highest level of reference (as used in addressing or referring to God) or any number of levels in-between.

One way Japanese shows different degree of politeness is through the choice of a formal plural suffix to the second person pronoun (“you” and its various forms) as shown here in the widely-used Japanese Shinkaiyaku (新改訳) Bible of 2017. In these verses, anata-gata (あなたがた) is used, combining the second person pronoun anata and the plural suffix -gata to create a formal plural pronoun (“you” [plural] in English).

(Source: S. E. Doi, see also S. E. Doi in Journal of Translation, 18/2022, p. 37ff. )

Translation commentary on Romans 16:6

Nothing further is known of this Mary. There is no justification for identifying her with any other Mary of the New Testament.

Quoted with permission from Newman, Barclay M. and Nida, Eugene A. A Handbook on Paul’s Letter to the Romans. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1973. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .

Sung version of Romans 16

Living Water is produced for the Bible translation movement in association with Lutheran Bible Translators. Lyrics derived from the ESV® Bible (The Holy Bible, English Standard Version®).

For more information, see here .