the organization of work (image)

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Image taken from the Wiedmann Bible. For more information about the images and ways to adopt them, see here .

For other images of Willy Wiedmann paintings in TIPs, see here.

sheep

“Sheep are known throughout most of the world, even though, as in Central Africa, they are a far cry from the fleecy wool-producing animals of colder climates. Where such animals are known, even by seemingly strange names, e.g. ‘cotton deer’ (Yucateco) or ‘woolly goat’ (Inupiaq), such names should be used. In some instances, one may wish to borrow a name and use a classifier, e.g. ‘an animal called sheep’. In still other instances translators have used ‘animal which produces wool’, for though people are not acquainted with the animals they are familiar with wool.” (Source: Bratcher / Nida)

In Dëne Súline, it is usually translated as “an evil little caribou.” To avoid the negative connotation, a loan word from the neighboring South Slavey was used. (Source: NCEM, p. 70)

Note that the often-alleged Inuktitut translation of “sheep” with “seal” is an urban myth (source Nida 1947, p. 136).

See also lamb and sheep / lamb.

complete verse (Nehemiah 3:32)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Nehemiah 3:32:

  • Kupsabiny: “Then other smiths with the buyers and sellers/merchants started from there to the Sheep Gate.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The one-who-built the portion of the stone-wall from that room as-far-as the Sheep Gate were the silversmiths and the merchants/businessmen.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Other men who made things from gold, along with merchants, repaired the last section of the wall, as far as the Sheep Gate.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Translation commentary on Nehemiah 3:32

The northeastern part of the city was the commercial area near the Temple. The goldsmiths and the merchants would have had a special interest in the repair of the wall in that area. The section of the wall from the upper chamber of the corner to the Sheep Gate was the northern section of the wall.

For Sheep Gate, see the comments at verse 1 above. The account began with the repair of the wall at the Sheep Gate, and now it has come back to this gate, showing that the Jews have completed the rebuilding of the entire wall around the city.

MT continues the third chapter of Nehemiah for another 6 verses to end at verse 38. Chapter 4 follows with 17 verses. Many versions follow the MT verse numbering and chapter break (Bible en français courant, Luther, Nouvelle Bible Segond, Traduction œcuménique de la Bible). A second tradition begun by the Septuagint Greek and Vulgate Latin translations ends chapter 3 here at verse 32 and includes the additional 6 verses as the beginning of chapter 4, which then has 23 verses. Like Revised Standard Version and Good News Translation, other versions follow this second tradition of verse numbering and chapter break (also New American Standard Bible, New International Version, Revised English Bible). The presentation in this Handbook begins chapter 4 immediately after 3.32, following the example of Revised Standard Version and Good News Translation.

Quoted with permission from Noss, Philip A. and Thomas, Kenneth J. A Handbook on Nehemiah. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 2005. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .