Mark 3:13-19 in Russian Sign Language

Following is the translation of Mark 3:13-19 into Russian Sign Language with a back-translation underneath:


Source: Russian Bible Society / Российское Библейское Общество

Jesus called his disciples to him to climb a mountain. The disciples followed him. They came to a place. Jesus began to choose for himself the closest disciples — he chose one, another, a third, choosing a total of 12 men.

The first one was Simon. Jesus gave him the middle name Peter. The second was James. The third was John. James and John are brothers. Their father’s name was Zebedee. Jesus called them “Sons of Thunder.” Why did He give them that name? That was their character, like thunder and lightning. The fourth was Andrew, the fifth was Philip, the sixth was Bartholomew, the seventh was Matthew, the eighth was Thomas, the ninth was James (his father’s name was Alphaeus), the tenth was Thaddeus, the eleventh was Simon the Cananite, and the twelfth was Judas Iscariot. He then betrayed Jesus. There were twelve men in all. They were called apostles by Jesus.

What were they to do?

One. They should always follow Jesus.

Second. Jesus send them out to tell all the people about Jesus.

Third. Jesus gave them authority. If there was a demon in a person, the apostles had authority to cast the demon out of the person.

Original Russian back-translation (click or tap here):

Иисус призвал к себе учеников, чтобы забраться на гору. Ученики последовали за ним. Они пришли на место. Иисус стал выбирать для себя самых близких учеников — одного выбрал, другого, третьего, всего выбрал 12 человек.

Первый — Симон. Иисус дал ему второе имя Петр. Второй — Иаков. Третий — Иоанн. Иаков и Иоанн — братья. Отца их звали Зеведей. Иисус назвал из «Сыновья Грома». Почему Он дал им такое имя? Такой у них был характер, как гром и молния. Четвертый — Андрей, пятый — Филипп, шестой — Варфоломей, седьмой — Матфей, восьмой — Фома, девятый — Иаков (отца его звали Алфей), десятый — Фаддей, одиннадцатый — Симон Кананит, двенадцатый — Иуда Искариот. Он потом предал Иисуса. Всего их было 12 человек. Их Иисус назвал апостолами.

Что они должны были делать?

Первое. Они всегда должны следовать за Иисусом.

Второе. Иисус отправляем их, чтобы они рассказывали всем людям об Иисусе.

Третье. Иисус дал им власть. Если в каком-нибудь человеке был бес, апостолы имели власть изгнать беса из человека.

Back-translation by Luka Manevich

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Mark 3:13-19 in Mexican Sign Language

Following is the translation of Mark 3:13-19 into Mexican Sign Language with back-translations into Spanish and English underneath:


© La Biblia en LSM / La Palabra de Dios

Retrotraducciones en español (haga clic o pulse aquí)

Jesús caminó a una montaña y miró (y dijo): “Ven” y un grupo de personas se acercó a él. Jesús eligió doce apóstoles para acompañarlo juntos.

Después en el futuro los iba a entregar la autoridad para ir y predicar y para que pudieran expulsar demonios.

El primero era Simón, y cambió su apodo a Petro. El segundo era Jacobo y el tercero era Juan. Ellos eran hermanos, y su carácter era irascible entonces los apodó: ruido de relámpago fuerte (Boanerges).

El cuarto era Andrés, el quinto Felipe, el sexto Bartolomé, el séptimo Mateo, el octavo Tomás, el noveno Jacobo, y el decimo Tadeo.

El número once era Simón, que era caracterizado por su deseo de expulsar los romanos, y el número doce era Judás que en el futuro traicionaría a Jesús.


Jesus walked to a mountain and looked around (and said): “Come” and a group of people came to him. Jesus chose twelve apostles to accompany him together.

Afterwards, in the future, he would hand over to them the authority to go and preach and to be able to throw out demons.

The first was Simon and he changed his nickname to Peter, the second was James and the third was John. They were brothers with hot-tempered characters, so he gave them the nickname: strong sound of lightning (Boanerges).

The fourth was Andrew, the fifth Philip, the sixth Bartholomew, the seventh Matthew, the eighth Thomas, the ninth James and the tenth Thaddaeus.

The eleventh was Simon; they characterized Simon as someone who wanted very much to throw out the Romans, and the twelfth was Judas who would later betray Jesus.

Source: La Biblia en LSM / La Palabra de Dios

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Mark 3:20-35 in Mexican Sign Language >>

complete verse (Mark 3:14)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 3:14:

  • Uma: “and he chose twelve of them, he said to them: ‘I choose you to be with/accompany me and so that I can send you to spread the Good News.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “He chose twelve from among his disciples and he called them the commissioned people. He said to them, ‘You are the ones I chose to companion me and I will command you to go and proclaim the word/message of God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then Jesus appointed twelve people that they might be with him and that he might send out to preach the good news.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When they arrived, then he appointed twelve. He said to them, ‘I chose you so-that you would stay-with me and so-that I would send you to preach.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “From those companions of his, Jesus chose twelve people. He called them apustul, for these would be the ones who would always be with him and they would be the ones he would send to teach.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

Translation commentary on Mark 3:14 – 3:15

Text:

After dōdeka ‘twelve’ Westcott and Hort add hous kai apostolous ōnomasen ‘whom he also called apostles’: the great majority of the modern editions of the Greek text reject this clause (cf. Swete’s arguments, however, for its inclusion).

Verse 15. After exousian ‘authority’ Textus Receptus adds therapeuein tas nosous kai ‘to heal the sicknesses and’: this reading is rejected by all modern editions of the Greek text.

Exegesis:

epoiēsen dōdeka ‘he appointed twelve’: for this use of poieō ‘do,’ ‘make,’ cf. (in the Septuagint) Ex. 18.25, 36.1. and in the N.T. Heb. 3.2. The influence of the Septuagint is seen in this use of the verb (cf. Rawlinson, Lagrange).

The two hina ‘in order that’ clauses indicate purpose and are coordinate: ‘that they be with him and that he send them’ are the two purposes for which Jesus appointed the twelve men.

hina apostellē autous ‘that he should send them out’: it is better to translate the verb as an active form, with Jesus as subject, than to translate it by a passive (as does Revised Standard Version) ‘to be sent out.’

apostellō (cf. 1.2) ‘send out’: from this verb the noun apostolos (6.30) ‘apostle’ is formed (cf. 6.7 for the ‘sending out’).

kērussein kai echein exousian ‘to preach and to have authority’: the two infinitives ‘to preach’ and ‘to have authority’ are coordinate, and are both the object of apostellō ‘send out.’ A translation should preserve this construction if possible rather than make the second infinitive a subordinate clause (as does Translator’s New Testament).

kērussō (cf. 1.4) ‘proclaim,’ ‘announce,’ ‘preach.’

echein exousian (cf. 1.22) ‘to have authority.’

ekballein ta daimonia (cf. 1.34) ‘to cast out the demons’: this infinitive clause is the object of echein exousian ‘to have authority.’

Translation:

Appointed is not always an easy term to translate. In general the cultural background which may provide an adequate equivalent is to be found in many societies in the practice of (1) medicine men who appoint associates or (2) chiefs or kings who designate certain men to offices of responsibility. When this is done the process is often described in more concrete terms, e.g. ‘gave them jobs to do,’ ‘gave then important names,’ or ‘chose them for tasks.’ Such expressions can generally be adapted to this type of context. Cf. Toraja-Sa’dan ‘he exalted (the status of) twelve people’; Pamona and Indonesian ‘he appointed twelve people for good.’

Twelve must usually have some added noun, e.g. ‘twelve men,’ ‘twelve persons,’ or even ‘twelve followers.’ Most languages require some type of classifier with a numeral such as ‘twelve.’

If the full meaning of to be with him is to be understood it must often be elaborated in one of two directions: (1) by some verbal mode or aspect which would indicate that the apostles were to remain with him in some more permanent relationship than the crowds which followed, or (2) by related lexical elements, e.g. ‘to remain with him,’ ‘to be associated with him,’ or ‘to be with him more constantly.’ Note, however, that their appointment was for a double purpose – not only association, but commission to go out. The words used at this point should not be contradictory. On the other hand, their close association with the Master was to precede their being sent out on their own.

For preach see 1.4.

For authority see 2.10, but note that the important aspect of the word exousia ‘authority’ is that of delegated power. Accordingly, in this passage ‘to receive power (or strength) to cast out’ would be quite satisfactory.

For cast out, in speaking of demons, see 1.34.

Quoted with permission from Bratcher, Robert G. and Nida, Eugene A. A Handbook on the Gospel of Mark. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1961. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .

SIL Translator's Notes on Mark 3:14

3:14a

He appointed twelve of them: The Greek verb that the Berean Standard Bible translates as appointed here literally means “made.” Jesus made twelve men his apostles. This indicates that Jesus “chose” or “selected” twelve of the disciples he had summoned to be apostles. For example:

Then he chose twelve of them (Contemporary English Version)
-or-
Then he selected twelve of them (New Living Translation, 1996 edition)

3:14b

whom He designated as apostles: There is a textual issue in this verse. In some Greek manuscripts, there is a clause that means “designating them apostles.”

(1) Most recent, major English versions follow the manuscripts that include this clause. For example, the God’s Word says:

14aHe appointed twelve 14bwhom he called apostles. 14cThey were to accompany him.

(Berean Standard Bible, New International Version, Good News Bible, Contemporary English Version, God’s Word, New Century Version, New Living Translation, New Revised Standard Version, NET Bible)

(2) Other English versions follow the manuscripts that do not include this clause. For example, the New Jerusalem Bible says:

14aand he appointed twelve; 14cthey were to be his companions

(Revised Standard Version, New Jerusalem Bible, New American Standard Bible, Revised English Bible, King James Version)

It is recommended that you follow option (1), since it is supported by many of the earliest manuscripts. (The UBS4 follows option (1), giving it a C rating, indicating some degree of doubt. Although this reading has the support of some of the oldest and most reliable manuscripts, there is also strong reason to believe that copyists may have taken this phrase from Luke 6:13 and added it here. The Revised Standard Version and the New Jerusalem Bible no doubt omitted it because of its considerable degree of uncertainty. The addition could be explained based on a copyist’s tendency to want to harmonize and/or further clarify a text. (Based on UBS4 page 128, Metzger page 69, and EH page 69).)

However, if the major language version in your area followed option (2), it may be best to follow that option.

designated: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as designated is literally “named.” For example:

whom he named apostles (Good News Bible)

The Contemporary English Version has another way to translate this:

to be his apostles (Contemporary English Version)

apostles: The Greek word that English versions translate as apostles means “those who are sent.” It refers to people whom someone sends with authority to accomplish a mission or a particular task. Jesus chose twelve men to be his apostles.

Here are some other ways to translate apostle:

• Translate the meaning of the Greek word apostles. For example:

people sent to speak/act for him
-or-
special messengers
-or-
representatives

• Indicate the role or function of apostles. For example:

chief leaders of Jesus’ work
-or-
people who are in charge of Jesus’ work

Be careful to choose different terms for “apostle,” “angel,” “elder,” and “prophet.”

See also apostle in the Glossary.

3:14c

to accompany Him: The Greek clause that the Berean Standard Bible translates as to accompany Him tells one of Jesus’ purposes in appointing the twelve disciples as apostles. He appointed them as apostles in order that they would follow him and learn from him.

Here are some other ways to translate this clause:

He wanted them to be with him (New Century Version)
-or-
They were to accompany him (God’s Word)

3:14d

to be sent out: The phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as to be sent out introduces Jesus’ second purpose in appointing the apostles. Jesus’ plan was to tell the apostles to go to various villages. One way to say this is:

he might send them out to preach: Jesus sent out the disciples to do two things. The first thing was to preach. The word preach means to publicly tell people something important. In this context they were telling people the gospel.

Here are some other ways to translate to preach:

to announce
-or-
to proclaim

If your language needs to specify to whom the apostles would preach, you should supply a general term such as “people.” For example:

to preach to the people

If in your language you need to tell what the apostles would preach, it is recommended that you supply a general term like “good news.” For example:

to preach the good news
-or-
to spread [the Good News] (God’s Word)

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