Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Revelation 21:7)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 21:7:

  • Uma: “Whoever defeats the King of Evil-ones, they will receive all these things [mentioned] earlier. I will be[come] their Lord, and they be[come] my children.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Whoever is/was not carried-along by temptation/the tempters I will give them as an inheritance good (things) like that. And I am their God and I make them my children.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “If there is anyone who is able to defeat Satan, I will make Him my child, and I will be His God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “The person who defeats evil, he will inherit all these-things. He will acknowledge me as his God and I will also acknowledge him as my child.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “It’s certain that I will reward the one who has been able to have victory over whatever leads to sinning and destruction of believing/obeying, for I now am his God and he now is my child.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “thus I will do for whoever comes out to conquer the evil there is. He will become my child. I will be the God of that person.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 21:8)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 21:8:

  • Uma: “But people who are afraid to follow me or who do not believe, people whose deeds are evil, killers, those who do [sexual] wrong, sorcerers, those who worship idols, and all who lie, they are certainly punished in the sea of fire that blazes and has-coals. That is what is called the second death.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But the ones who turn-their-back-on/reject me because of their fear of persecution/suffering and those who give up their trust in me, they will be thrown into the sulphur fire. Likewise also all who do bad, and kill, and practice illicit sex, and do sorcery towards their companions, and worship idols, and all liars, that is their portion they will be put in the sulphur fire large like a lake. This is called the second death.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “But he who is afraid to follow Me, and the unfaithful persons, the people whose actions are vulgar, murderers, and those with filthy customs, sorcerers, and all those who worship false gods, and all people who are liars, what their end will be is: they will be thrown into the lake filled with flaming sulphur which is the second death,’ He said.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But the person who doesn’t persevere in believing due to his fear of hardship/suffering, the one who has no faith, the one whose behavior is filthy, the murderer, the one who sleeps-with someone who is not his spouse, the sorcerer and spirit-medium, the one who worships idols, and all who tell-lies, they will all stay in the wide pool which is the place of flaming sulfur. This is what is designated as the second death.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But well, really very hard is what will happen to those who are afraid to believe, those who dropped/gave-up their believing, those who let-themselves-be-captivated by disgusting doings, killers of their fellowman, those behaving-immorally with one who is not their spouse, those who have secret-supernatural-skills which are occult-powers, the ones who serve familiar-spirits or whatever is their replacement for God, and all who are liars. All of these, without any uncertainty, will be thrown into that lake of burning asupri, this being what is referred to as the second death.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “But the people who fear to suffer on account of me, and those who separate from my word, those who are evil people, who are killer, who commit fornication, who are witch doctors, who worship idols, who are liars, these have coming to them that they will go to lake bubbling burning fiercely with sulphur. That is the time of death.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 21:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 21:9:

  • Uma: “After that, one of the seven angels that held bowls filled with the seven final tortures came. That angel came and said to me, ‘Come, I will show you the woman whom the Lamb bridegrooms [a verb based on the name of the Uma wedding ceremony].” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “After this, one of the seven angels who had carried the seven bowls full of the last disasters came to me. The angel said, ‘Come, I will show you the bride who will soon be married to the one called the Sheep.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then one of the seven angels who had poured out the seven bowls full of the seven last torments on mankind spoke to me, He said, ‘Come with me and I will show you the wife of the young sheep.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then one of those seven angels who had the seven bowls full of the seven last hardships came. He said to me, ‘Come so I will show you (sing.) the woman whom the Sheep will marry.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well, then one of those seven angels who were each holding a bowl, the contents of these being the final seven epidemics, approached me. He said to me, ‘Come here, for I will show you the one who will be married by this one referred to as Young Sheep.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Then came to me one of the seven angels who had held the bowls filled with the seven calamities which had happened. He said to me: ‘Come here. I will show you the bride, the wife of the Lamb.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 21:10)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 21:10:

  • Uma: “The Holy Spirit controlled me and that angel took me going to the top of a big and tall mountain. From there he pointed-out to me Yerusalem, the holy village. I saw that village descending from God in heaven,” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Then I was ruled by the Spirit of God and I was taken by the angel onto a very high mountain. He showed me the city of Awrusalam, the holy city coming down from heaven, from the presence of God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Then by means of the power of the Holy Spirit, I was led by the angel to a very high mountain. I was shown the city of God which is the city Jerusalem coming down from God in heaven.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then God’s Spirit caused-me-to-dream, and the angel took me to the summit (lit. head) of an extremely-high mountain and he showed me the holy city Jerusalem descending from God in heaven.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Without anything further, through the control of the Espiritu Santo who is indwelling me, I was taken by that angel to the peak of one of the highest mountains. He showed me Jerusalem, that far-from-ordinary city of God, which was coming down from heaven, having come from God.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “The Holy Spirit changed my seeing. The angel took me to a big mountain, very high. There I saw the holy city Jerusalem coming down from heaven where God is.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 21:11)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 21:11:

  • Uma: “shining with the shining of God. It sparkled like expensive gems [lit., eyes of rings] and like yaspis stone. It was transparent like crystal.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “That city was shining with the brightness of God, flashing like the valuable precious-stone called jasper, clear as glass.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “That city is very bright for there shines the power of God. The city shines like the precious stone jasper which our eyes can see through.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “It was dazzling with the radiance of God himself, and its gleams/flashes, they were like the radiance of crystal (loan kristal) or the most-valuable stone designated as haspe.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “That city was really very, very bright/clear, because the glory of God was giving light. It really shone like an expensive mined stone called haspe, and like first-class mirror/glass.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “This city shone because it was where God lives. Its shining was like the shining of the stones which are very beautiful, like the jasper. It was visible inside the city because the city was like glass, it let the looking of the people go through.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 21:12)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 21:12:

  • Uma: “That village was surrounded by a high and strong fort. In that fort, there were twelve doors, each door guarded by an angel. And on those doors were written the names of the twelve children of Israel long ago, who had-as-their-descendants the twelve tribes [lit., mother-units/families] of the Yahudi people.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “There was a wall surrounding it, thick and high. It had twelve doors and each door had an angel guarding it. Those doors had the names of the twelve tribes of Isra’il written on them.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The wall of the city is very high. There are twelve gates and there is an angel of God who guards each gate. Written on the gates are the names of the twelve ancestors of the descendants of Israel.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “The stonewall which was the enclosing-fence of the town, it was high and sturdy. It had twelve entrances which were guarded by twelve angels, and those entrances were written-on with the names of the twelve children of Israel.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Its wall was thick and high and it had twelve gates. Each gate had a guard who was an angel, and also there was written on each of the gates one of the names of the twelve sons of Jacob, they being the forefathers of the Israelita.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “This city had walls at all the edges. At the gates were written the names of the twelve sons of Israel.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 21:13)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 21:13:

  • Uma: “That fort had four sides, and in each side are three doors: three in the east, three in the north, three in the south, and three in the west.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “There were three doors in the wall towards east, three towards west, and across the place on each side there were also three doors.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The wall of the city has four sides, and in each wall there are three gates. On the side of the east there are three gates. On the side of the west, three also. On the side of downstream there are three also, and on the side of upstream, three gates also.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “There were three-entrances -each on the facing-sides–on the east (lit. coming-out of the sun) and west (lit. going-out-of-sight of the sun), the side-toward the north and side-toward the south.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “The gates were in threes on each side. Three were toward the east and three toward the west. Three were toward the south and three also were toward the north.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “At the side of the city where the sun rises there were three gates. On the side of the city on the north there were three gates. At the side of the city on the south there were three gates. At the side of the city where the sun sets, there were three gates.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 21:14)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 21:14:

  • Uma: “That fort of that village was built on twelve foundation stones, and on those foundation stones were written the names of the twelve messengers of the Lamb.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “The foundation (lit. for-placing) of the wall of that city were twelve stones. On these stones the names were written of the twelve people commissioned by Isa, the one called the Sheep.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The wall of the city rests on twelve large stones. Written on these stones are the names of the twelve apostles of the young sheep.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “The foundation of the stonewall of the town, it was twelve large rocks on which were written the names of the twelve apostles of the Sheep.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And there were also twelve units of rock which were the stabilizers of the wall of that city. Written also there were the names of the twelve apostles of that one referred to as Young Sheep.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Concerning this wall which goes around the city, there at the base there are twelve stones which are the base. These stones have written on them the names of the twelve representatives of the Lamb.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)