Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Leviticus 19:20)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Leviticus 19:20:

  • Kupsabiny: “If a man sleeps with a woman who is a slave who has been promised to another man and is not free/released, that person is to be punished instead of both being killed because that woman is still a slave.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “’If anyone has intercourse with a female slave whose marriage has been agreed upon but the man has not yet paid the price necessary to make the slave girl his own or who has not been set free by her master, they must be punished, but they are not to be killed, however, for she is a female slave, not yet set free. ” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “If a man has-sexual-relations with a servant girl who (is) to-be-married to another man, but this woman has- not yet -been-redeemed or given (her) freedom, they must be-punished. But they are- not -to-be-put-to-death for that woman has- not yet -been- freed.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “‘If a man has sex with a slave woman who has been promised to marry some other man, but she has not been bought by that man and is still a slave, the man who had sex with her must be punished. But because she is still a slave, she and the man who had sex with her must not be killed.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Leviticus 19:21)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Leviticus 19:21:

  • Kupsabiny: “That person must bring a ram to the altar near the entrance to the Tent of God so it can be made a sacrifice of appeasing sin.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “But this man must bring a ram to the entrance to the Tent of Meeting to sacrifice to the LORD as his guilt offering.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The man must bring a male sheep there near the entrance of the Meeting-together-place Tent as a payment for his sin. By-means of the priest’s offering of a sheep in my presence, the man will-be-redeemed from his sin and I will-forgive him.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “However, that man must bring a ram to be slaughtered at the entrance of the Sacred Tent area, to be an offering in order that he no longer be guilty for his sin.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Leviticus 19:22)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Leviticus 19:22:

  • Kupsabiny: “The priest shall do the sacrifice using that ram and the man is appeased/absolved before God for the sin he did, and then, he shall be forgiven.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Then the priest must offer the lamb as a guilt offering before the LORD to make atonement for that man’s sin. Then that man will have forgiveness.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The man must bring a male sheep there near the entrance of the Meeting-together-place Tent as a payment for his sin. By-means of the priest’s offering of a sheep in my presence, the man will-be-redeemed from his sin and I will-forgive him.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “The priest will offer that ram to me in order that the man will be forgiven for the sin that he committed, and I will forgive him.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Leviticus 19:23)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Leviticus 19:23:

  • Kupsabiny: “When you (plur.) reach that land and plant any tree/plant that produces fruits, do not pluck (it) until three years have finished.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “’If you plant a fruit tree, having gone into the land, the fruit will be forbidden for three years. do not eat it for three years. ” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “When you (plur.) arrive/reach the land which I will-give to you (plur.), [you (plur.)] do- not -eat the fruit (plur.) of the trees which you (plur.) have-planted for the first three years. You (plur.) are-to-consider this dirty/unclean.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “‘hen you enter the land that I have promised to give to you, and when you plant various kinds of fruit trees, you must not eat any of their fruit for three years.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Leviticus 19:24)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Leviticus 19:24:

  • Kupsabiny: “And when it is ripe in the fourth year, set aside/dedicate all the fruits to become a sacrifice in which you give thanks to God.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “In the four years have passed, the fruit that it bears will be holy, then this must be offered for praise to the LORD.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “In the fourth year, you (plur.) are-to-offer all the fruit as a praise (offering) to me, so [you (plur.)] do- not -eat this also.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “In the fourth year all of their fruit must be set aside to belong to me; it must be brought to me to be an offering to praise me.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Leviticus 19:25)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Leviticus 19:25:

  • Kupsabiny: “But you are allowed to eat (those) of the fifth year. Your fruits will increase if you follow that word/matter. I am your God.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “But in the five years have passed, it is OK to eat of that fruit. And it will be bearing more fruit. I am the LORD your God.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “But in the fifth year you (plur.) may- now -eat the fruit (plur.). And if you (plur.) obey these decrees/regulations/[lit. what-is-to-be-followed], the fruit (plur.) of your (plur.) trees will-be abundant. I (am) the-one (who is) the LORD your (plur.) God.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “But in the fifth/next year, you will be permitted to eat their fruit. If you do that, your trees will produce much fruit. I, Yahweh your God, am promising that.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Leviticus 19:26)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Leviticus 19:26:

  • Kupsabiny: “Do (plur.) not eat meat which still has blood. Do not go around doing witchcraft.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “’Do not eat flesh [from which] the blood has not been drained [lit.: taken out].
    Do not try divination or to do incantation and chanting.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “[You (plur.)] are- not -to-eat the meat which still has blood (in it).
    [You (plur.)] do- not -do what the one-who-divines/fortune-teller or sorcerer does.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “‘o not eat any meat that still has the animal’s blood in it.
    ‘o not consult spirits to find out what will happen in the future, and do not practice sorcery.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Leviticus 19:27)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Leviticus 19:27:

  • Kupsabiny: “Do (plur.) not trim your heads or the beards as grieving people do.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “’you must not shave the hair on your temples. And it also must not cut your edges of beard. ” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “If you (plur.) are-mourning for the dead [you (plur.)] do- not -cut your (plur.) hair around your (plur.) head or your (plur.) beard,” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “‘o not shave the hair at the sides of your heads like pagan people do.” (Source: Translation for Translators)