Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Exodus 37:25)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 37:25:

  • Kupsabiny: “(He) made the place for burning/smoking sweet-smelling things using acacia wood. He made all the four sides to be of the same size/length. Each side had one and a half feet and (it) was three feet going up. He shaped those things like horns to be one thing with the altar.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “He made the altar of burning incense of acacia wood. It was a cubit long, a cubit wide and two cubits high and square. Its horns also were made from the same piece.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “They also made altar of acacia (wood) for burning incense. It was square; about 18 inches long, about 18 inches wide, and about three feet high. It has just-like/as-if horns at the corners which-was already formed previously along-with the body when it was made.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And when it was done, then he took akas wood and then made another offering table to be for the cooking of incense. That table’s length and its width turned out the same and extended to the bending of our (incl.) elbow. And its height extended to our chest. And on the four corners of the table’s top, he hewed things to look like horns of a bulmakao. He made the table’s top together with its horns from a single piece of akas wood.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “And they carve white-acacia into altar which they smoke incense on it, carve for it horn four on its corners, build it as square. They make its width it be joint of hand one, and they make its length it be joint of hand two.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “From acacia wood, Bezalel made the altar for burning incense. It was square, 18 in./45 cm. on each side. It was 3 ft./90 cm. high. He made a projection that looked like a horn on each of the top corners. The projections were carved from the same block of wood that the altar was made of.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 37:26)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 37:26:

  • Kupsabiny: “(He) coated pure gold on the top side, all the four sides and those things like horns, then attached the rim of gold around the edges.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “They overlaid the top of it, all around and horns with pure gold. And they made gold molding around it.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “They covered-over with pure gold the top of-it, the four sides, and the like/as-if horns at the corners, and put a gold border/trim around (it).” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And when it was done, then he took wide pieces of good gol, and then wrapped the four sides of the table with it, and its top and its horns. And he affixed a long gol thing to be the table’s fastening band which surrounds it.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “They apply its head, and its side, and its horn, with gold red, and its tooth, they add gold red on it.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “He covered the top and the four sides, including the projections, with pure gold. He put a gold border around the altar, near the top.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 37:27)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 37:27:

  • Kupsabiny: “(He) made two rings for this side and for the other side which were for carrying, to be near the /rim so that the runners/poles for carrying are entered into that thing.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “They made two rings to both side under molding to insert the carrying poles of the silver altar.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “They put two gold seemingly-rings below the border/trim on both/(opposite) sides of the altar, to insert the poles for carrying it.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And below that fastening-band, he affixed two ring handles, one on one its one side, and another on its other side, to be for the insertion of poles for carrying the table.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “They pound gold red two it be bored hole, seal it at its side, in order that they might put through its carry-wood there.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “He made two gold rings for carrying the altar. Then he attached them to the altar below the border, one on each side of the altar. The poles by means of which the altar was to be carried were to be inserted into those rings.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 37:28)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 37:28:

  • Kupsabiny: “(He) prepared those acacia runners/poles and after that he coated them with gold.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “They made the carrying poles of acacia wood and overlaid with gold.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The poles was-made of acacia (wood) and was-cover-over with gold.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And he took akas wood, and then made two poles, and when it was done, then he wrapped them with wide pieces of gol.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “And they chop white-acacia two for its carry-wood, apply it with gold red.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “He made those two poles from acacia wood and covered them with gold.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 37:29)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 37:29:

  • Kupsabiny: “(He) made smearing/anointing oil and sweet-smelling things (incense).” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “They made fragrant pure incense as a skillful person who can make anointing oil and perfume.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “They also made holy olive oil for anointing and the pure sweet-smelling incense which is-smells- very -good.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And he spoke to a man who had great knowledge about making things which smell good, and so he made a good oil. That oil has a taboo/mark of ownership, and so it exists as a sign of the things belonging to God. And also, he made incense to make smoke having a good smell.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “And they mixed fat of anointing with incense which smells sweet as one who be wise for smells mixing do it.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “He also made the sacred oil for anointing and the pure sweet-smelling incense. He mixed the incense together as a skilled perfumer would.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 38:1)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 38:1:

  • Kupsabiny: “The big altar for burning (sacrifices) was made from acacia boards and all the four sides were of equal size. Each of the sides had (measured) seven feet and six inches and going up it was four feet and six inches.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “They built a squire altar of acacia wood of five cubits long, five cubits wide and three cubits high.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “They also made square altar for burnt offering. The length was seven and a half feet, the width was seven and one-half feet, the height was four and a half feet.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And when it was done, then he took akas wood and then made an offering table with it. Its height extended to 54 inches (lit. to our[incl] opposite elbow’s bending), and its length and width turned out the same and extended to one fathom and an extra part extending to 18 inches (lit. to our elbow’s bending).” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “And they chop white-acacia, build it for altar of gift(s) of fire. They make it it be square which its width be joint of hand five and its length be joint of hand three.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Several men helped Bezalel to make the altar for burning sacrifices. They made it from acacia wood. It was square, 7-1/2 feet/2.2 meters on each side, and it was 4-1/2 feet/1.3 meters high.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 38:2)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 38:2:

  • Kupsabiny: “At each corner were shaped four things like horns which were made to be one thing with the altar and all were coated with bronze.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “They made horns at each of the four corners of the altar and they are made from same piece, and they overlaid the altar with bronze.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “They put like-a horns in four corners, which is already formed with the altar when it was-made. They overlaid the altar with bronze.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And above the table’s four corners, he hewed four things to look like bulmakao’s horns. And he hewed those four corners of the table with it horns from a single piece of akas wood. And he wrapped all the sides of the offering table with its horns in wide pieces of bras.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “They carve it it have horn four on its corners. When they had made altar had finished, they apply it with metal red.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “They made a projection that looked like a horn on each of the top corners. The projections were carved from the same block of wood that the altar was made of. They covered the whole altar with bronze.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 38:3)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 38:3:

  • Kupsabiny: “He made pans for keeping ash where the oil drips, big spoons, bowls, forks and pans for removing ashes. (He) made all these things from bronze.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “They made a container of keeping ashes of altar, shovels for removing ashes, basin, meet forks and fire pans. They were all bronze.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “All the things-for-use in the altar was also made out-of-bronze — the things-to-put the ashes, shovels, bowls, big forks for meat, and the things-to-put the hot/live-charcoal.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And also, he made dishes to be for throwing fire ashes, and utensils for the fire ashes, and cups for putting animals’ blood into, and forks to be for the stabbing of animals meat/flesh, and plates to be for fetching fire. All those things he made from only bras.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “Also, they pound metal red for ash-clearer, with skewer, with sprinkle-gourd, with meat-roasting-wood, with fire-collector.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “They made the pans in which to put the greasy ashes from the animal sacrifices. They also made the shovels for cleaning out the ashes. They made the basins and forks for turning the meat as it cooked, and buckets for carrying hot coals/ashes. All of those things were made from bronze.” (Source: Translation for Translators)