Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Exodus 34:13)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 34:13:

  • Kupsabiny: “When you (plur.) reach there, destroy the altars, the things which have been raised up for worship and destroy the idols made to look like/represent Asherah.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Break down their alters, smash their sacred stones, and fall down their poles of goddess Asherah by cutting.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Instead, you (plur.) should-break their altar, break-down their remembrance/(sacred) stones, and cut their poles/[lit. thing-like-a-pillar] that symbolizes the goddess Asherah.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “But you (pl.) must tear down their tables of offering, and break apart their stones which are signs so that they shatter, and chop down the carvings of their female god Asera.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “Therefore, altar their with pillar of Kwaser their, you break it down all” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “You must tear down their altars, destroy their sacred pillars, and cut down the poles that they use to worship their female goddess Asherah.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 34:14)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 34:14:

  • Kupsabiny: “I am your God. Do not kneel/worship any other thing because I hate every other thing which is being worshipped.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Do not worship any other gods. The Lord’s name is ‘Jealous God’. He will be Jealous seeing that.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “You should- not[emphasis marker] -worship any other god for I, the LORD, do not like that you worship others.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “You (pl.) can’t/mustn’t lift up any other god’s name. For I, the Chief, my other name is Man of Anger. And so I will be angry and so it won’t be possible for me to allow any other god to take my place.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “(in order that you not (imp.) god other entreat, because I Yahweh, they call me jealous, I be God who be jealous with my people).” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “You must worship only me, and not worship any other god, because I, Yahweh, cannot endure any rivals.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 34:15)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 34:15:

  • Kupsabiny: “Be careful. Do not make any agreement with people who live in that country where you are going to. If/When they make sacrifices to the things they kneel for/worship, they might invite you join the group and you follow their lifestyle of eating meat which was sacrificed (to idols).” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Be careful, do not make a treaty with the people of that countries, otherwise they will also invite you the feast of worshiping with sacrifice to their god then you will eat their feast.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “You should- not -make agreement/covenant with the people who live in the land where you (plur.) were going. For you might be tempted to eat their sacrifices when they invite you to their sacrifice and worship to their gods.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “‘And watch out well. You (pl.) can’t/mustn’t strike a decision/agreement with the people in that land. For they will lift up the names of their gods with their practice of sexual immorality, and so they kill animals to be their offering to them. And when they do like that, then they’re going to pull you so that you go together with them, and then you’ll be eating their offering food.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “you not (imp.) with them [ear] agree, because when they entreat god their, giving it thing on altar, they will call you you go do it with them together, and you will eat [flesh] animal of god their,” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Do not make peace agreements with any group that lives in that land. When they worship their gods and offer sacrifices to their gods, and they invite you to join them, do not join them. If you join them, you will eat the food that they sacrifice to their gods, and you will not be faithful to me. You will be like people who commit adultery, who are not being faithful to their spouses.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 34:16)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 34:16:

  • Kupsabiny: “Your sons might marry the daughters of those foreigners and from there those women might deviate your sons to kneel/worship the things they worship.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “And bringing the brides from their tribes they will lead your sons to do the same in the time of worshiping their gods.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “And your children/(sons) might marry their children, that will-lead them to worship other gods.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And if you cause your male children to marry their female children, then they will lift up the names of their gods in their practice of sexual immorality, and so make your male children to follow them also.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “and you will marry female children their, and they will marry female children your, and female children their will seek god their, so that male children your will seek god their also.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “If you take some of their women to be wives for your sons, and these women worship their own gods, they will persuade your sons also to worship their gods.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 34:17)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 34:17:

  • Kupsabiny: “Do not construct an idol which you will be kneeling for/worshipping.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Do not make casting idols for you.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “‘You (plur.) should- not -make gods.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “‘You (pl.) can’t/mustn’t make the carving of any god from something such as gol and silva and aen.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “Therefore, you not (imp.) metal pound for god.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Do not pour melted metal into molds to make statues for you to worship.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 34:18)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 34:18:

  • Kupsabiny: “Be preparing the Festival of bread which is not risen. Be eating bread which has not risen for seven days as I told you. Be doing this festival in the month which was set apart and that is the month Abib because that is when you left Egypt.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Celebrate the festival of bread without yeast. For seven days eat bread without yeast at the appointed time in the month of Abib as I commanded you. In the month of Abib You came out of Egypt.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “‘Celebrate the Feast of the Bread which causes-to-Expand- was Not -put-in-(it). According to what I had commanded you, you (plur.) should-eat bread which causes-to-expand- was not -put-in-(it) within seven days. You (plur.) do this at the appointed time in the month of Abib, for in that month you (plur.) came-out of Egipto.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “‘You (pl.) must do the feast of Bret Having no Yis Existing in it as I spoke to you about. In these seven days, you must eat bret not having yis existing in it. Do this feast precisely on its day in the month of Abip. For in this month, you left Isip and came.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “And Day of Joy of Bread which Lacks Yeast, you shall remember it. you shall eat bread which lacks yeast for days seven, as I have said to you. you remember it on day which I before put down, on month one, because that is what be month which you left [body] from Egypt.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Each year, during the month of/named Abib, celebrate the Festival of Eating Bread Made Without Yeast. During that festival, for seven days you must not eat bread made with yeast, as I commanded you, because it was in that month that you left Egypt.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 34:19)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 34:19:

  • Kupsabiny: “Give me your first born sons, and firstborn cows and goats/sheep.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “All the first-born male children belong to me. And all the first-born males of your livestock and herd belong to me.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “‘All the first-born male belongs to me, including the first-born male of your animals.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “‘I placed a taboo/mark of ownership on your (pl.) firstborn children and the firstborn children of your bulmakaos and sipsips and other animals, and so they all exist as my own. You must offer the firstborn children of your animals to me.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “And firstborn children all, they will be mine with firstborn males of livestock, children of cows and children of sheep/goats.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Your firstborn sons and the firstborn male animals of your cattle and sheep and goats belong to me.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 34:20)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 34:20:

  • Kupsabiny: “But you can exchange a son of a donkey with a ram which is firstborn. And if you are unable to exchange, you break that one’s neck. You may exchange/redeem all your firstborn sons. No body should come to me empty-handed.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Redeem the first-born donkey with lamb, but if you do not redeem it break its neck. You must redeem first born sons too.
    "No one comes to appear before me with an empty hand.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The first-born male donkey may-be redeemed by exchanging this with a sheep. But if you do not buy- it -back, the donkey must be killed by breaking its neck. You (plur.) may also buy-back your first-born sons.
    ‘No one can come to me without bringing an offering.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And you must offer a sipsip for straightening [the violation of] the taboo upon the firstborn children of your donki. But if you don’t want to offer a sipsip for straightening [the violation of] that donki’s taboo, you must break its neck. And you must make another offering for straightening [the violation of] the taboo upon your firstborn male children.
    ‘You (pl.) can’t/mustn’t be empty-handed and to come me. You must come with your offering.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “And firstborn males of donkey, you replace its place with male children of sheep, or you must break it neck. And firstborn males your all, you replace place their with animal. People not (imp.) on my altar come hand empty.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “The firstborn of your male donkeys also belong to me. But you may buy them back by offering to me lambs in their place. If you do not do that, you must kill these animals by breaking their necks. You must also buy back your firstborn sons. You must bring an offering to me each time you come to worship me.” (Source: Translation for Translators)