Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Genesis 22:10)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 22:10:

  • Kankanaey: “After that he raised his bolo so that he would kill (unfulfilled expectation) his child.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “He took out his knife to slaughter his son.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Afterwards he got the long-knife. And when he would-have killed Isaac,” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Then Abraham took the knife and reached out to kill his son.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 22:11)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 22:11:

  • Kankanaey: “But the angel of God suddenly-shouted from heaven and said, ‘Ay Abraham, Abraham!’ ‘What (lit. why)?’ he said answering.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Just at that time the angel of the LORD called to him from the heavens –” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “he was called by an angel of the LORD from heaven, ‘Abraham! Abraham!’ After Abraham responded,” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “But an angel who was really Yahweh called to him from heaven and said, ‘Abraham! Abraham!’ Abraham replied, ‘I’m here!'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 22:12)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 22:12:

  • Kankanaey: “‘Stop! Don’t kill that child of yours (sing.), because I have now come-to-know that you (sing.) certainly/thoroughly believe God, because there you (sing.) have not held-back/refused your (sing.) child whom you love from him,’ he said.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The angel said — ‘Don’t you lift a hand [against] your son, and don’t do anything to him. [Now] I know — you are certainly one who does what God says. For you even tried to offer your only son as a burnt offering for Him.'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “the angel said, ‘Do- not -kill the child! Now I have- now truly -proven that you (sing.) fear God because you (sing.) have- not -withheld from me your only child.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Danish Bibelen 2020: “‘Don’t touch the boy! You mustn’t do anything to him,’ he said. ‘You were ready to give your only son to God, so now I know you really trust him.'” (Source: Ehrensvärd in HIPHIL Novum 8/2023, p. 81ff. )
  • English: “The angel said, ‘Do not harm the boy or do anything to injure him, because now I know that you respect and obey God. I know that because you have not refused to sacrifice your son, the only son who is still with you.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 22:13)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 22:13:

  • Kankanaey: “When that was so, Abraham looked-up and he saw a male sheep whose horns were caught in the branches of a small tree. So he went and got-it and that’s what he-used-in-place-of his child to offer to God.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Abraham looked hither and thither. He saw a sacrificial lamb whose horns were entangled in a bush. He caught it, brought it, and offered it as a burnt offering instead of his own son.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “When- Abraham -looked-back, he saw a male sheep whose horn was-caught in the bushes, and it could- not -get-away-from/[lit. could not -leave]. Therefore Abraham took it and offered-(it) as a burnt offering instead of his child.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Then Abraham looked up and saw that a ram was nearby, whose horns had been caught in a thicket/clump of bushes. So Abraham went over and grabbed the ram and killed it, and sacrificed it on the altar as a burnt offering, instead of his son.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 22:14)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 22:14:

  • Kankanaey: “Then he named that place ‘God is the One-who-Sees/Watches.’ And until today there are those who say, ‘On the mountain of God, that’s where-he-sees what is needed.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Abraham named that place ‘God will give.'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Abraham called that place ‘The LORD Reserves-For/(Provides).’ Therefore until now there is a proverb that says, ‘On the Mountain of the LORD there-is (that-which) he is-reserving.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Abraham named that place ‘Yahweh will provide’. And to the present day, people say, ‘On Yahweh’s mountain, he will provide.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 22:15)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 22:15:

  • Kankanaey: “So then the angel of God in heaven repeated to speak and he said to Abraham,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The angel of the LORD called to Abraham a second time from the heavens –” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The angel of the LORD from heaven again called Abraham.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “The angel who was really Yahweh called out to Abraham from heaven a second time.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 22:16)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 22:16:

  • Kankanaey: “‘I who am God, I solemnly-swear by myself (lit. my body) that because you (sing.) obeyed/believed me and you (sing.) didn’t refuse/hold-back your (sing.) only-one child, I will utterly/thoroughly bless you (sing.)” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The LORD has said — ‘I have made a covenant in my name. Because you did not even deny [lit.: not say, not claim] your only son for me like this, I will give you a great blessing.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “He said, ‘This is what the LORD says: I swear by my-own self that I will- really -bless you because you (sing.) did- not -withhold your only child to me. I will-cause- your descendants -to-become-many as-if the-same amount of the stars in heaven and the sand at the seashore. They will-possess the cities of their enemies.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “He said, ‘I, Yahweh your Lord, am telling you that you did what I told you, and you have not refused to sacrifice your only son that is with you. So I say, ‘I solemnly swear, with myself as my witness,” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 22:17)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 22:17:

  • Kankanaey: “and I will make-many your (sing.) descendants so-that they will be like the manyness of the stars in the sky and the sand at the edge of the ocean. They will moreover defeat their enemies.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “I will cause you to have many descendants, like the stars in the heavens and like the sand on the sea shore. Defeating their enemies they will succeed in conquering their cities.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “He said, ‘This is what the LORD says: I swear by my-own self that I will- really -bless you because you (sing.) did- not -withhold your only child to me. I will-cause- your descendants -to-become-many as-if the-same amount of the stars in heaven and the sand at the seashore. They will-possess the cities of their enemies.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “that some day your descendants will be as numerous as the stars in the sky and the grains of sand on the seashore. And your descendants will defeat their enemies and capture their cities.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)