Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Genesis 21:4)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 21:4:

  • Kankanaey: “and on his eighth day, he circumcised him to obey what God had commanded him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “When Isaac was eight days old, Abraham circumcised him [lit.: put a sign in his body] like God had said.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “When the child was eight days old, Abraham circumcised him according to what- God -had-commanded him.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Abraham circumcised his son Isaac when his son was eight days old, just as God commanded him to do.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 21:5)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 21:5:

  • Kankanaey: “One hundred were the years of Abraham when- Isaac -was-born (lit. came-out).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “When Isaac was born, Abraham was already 100 years old.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The age-of Abraham was 100 years when Isaac was-born.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Abraham was 100 years old when his son Isaac was born.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 21:6)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 21:6:

  • Kankanaey: “As for Sara also, she said, ‘God has given me a reason for-my-being-happy and for-my-laughing, therefore all who hear-about this that has happened to me will also laugh-with (me).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Then Sarah said — ‘God has given me joy. Everyone who hears this will rejoice with me.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Sara said, ‘God caused- me -to-laugh with joy, and whoever will-be-able-to-hear about what-happened to me will- also -laugh.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “And Sarah said, ‘Although I was sad before because I did not have any children, God has now enabled me to laugh, and everyone who hears about what God has done for me will laugh with me.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 21:7)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 21:7:

  • Kankanaey: “Because previously, would there be anyone indeed to say to Abraham that his spouse would cause-(a child)-to-nurse (RQ = of course not)? But here however is our (excl.) child to-whom-I-have-given-birth in his old-age.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Up to now no one could have said to Abraham that I would nurse a child [lit.: cause a child to drink milk]. Yet after he has became an old man I have given birth to a son by him.'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Who could-have-thought to tell Abraham that I could- still -nurse/[lit. could-cause-to-breast] a child? But I still was-able-to-give-birth even-though he is old already.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Then she also said, ‘No one would have said to Abraham that some day Sarah would nurse a child, but I have given birth to a son when Abraham is very old.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 21:8)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 21:8:

  • Kankanaey: “Isaac gradually grew-bigger and his mother weaned (him). On the exact day when-he-was-weaned, Abraham butchered-for-him (i.e. gave-a-feast-for-him) with many animals.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The child was growing up. On the day the child was weaned Abraham celebrated with a great feast.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Isaac grew/[lit. became-big], and on the day that he was-weaned Abraham celebrated (with) a great feast.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “The baby grew and was weaned when he was about three years old. On that day, Abraham prepared a large feast to celebrate.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 21:9)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 21:9:

  • Kankanaey: “Whereupon Sara saw the child of Abraham and Hagar the one-from-Egipto laughing-at Isaac” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “One day Sarah saw Ishmael, son of Hagar making fun of her son Isaac.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “One day, Sara saw that Ishmael was-teasing Isaac. (Ishmael was a son of Abraham with Hagar the Egiptohanon.)” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “One day/During the feast Sarah noticed that Hagar’s son Ishmael was making fun of/playing with Isaac.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 21:10)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 21:10:

  • Kankanaey: “and she said to Abraham, ‘Cause-to leave that slave and that child of hers, because I-don’t-want/I-refuse that a child of a slave join-in-inheriting your (sing.) wealth that our (dual) child Isaac ought to monopolize.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “[She] said to Abraham — ‘Cast out the Egyptian maid servant and her son from here. The son of that maid servant will not get the chance to inherit your property like my son Isaac.'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Therefore Sara said to Abraham, ‘Send-away that female slave and her child, for the child of that slave should not share the inheritance of my child Isaac.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “So she said to Abraham, ‘Get rid of that slave woman from Egypt and her son! I do not want the son of that slave woman to be alone (OR, to be an heir along with) my son, Isaac!'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 21:11)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 21:11:

  • Kankanaey: “Abraham was extremely sad (lit. his thoughts hurt excessively) upon Sara’s saying that, because Ismael was certainly also his child (empathy particle).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Abraham’s heart was not at ease about this matter. For Ishmael was also his own son.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Abraham felt bad because Ishmael was his child too.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Abraham was very distressed about the matter, because he was concerned about his son Ishmael.” (Source: Translation for Translators)