Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Genesis 15:21)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 15:21:

  • Newari: “the Amorites, the Cananites, the Girgashites, and the Jebusites.'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Amornon, Canaanhon, Girgashnon, and Jebusnon.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “the Amor, the Canaan, the Girgash, and the Tebus people-groups live.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 16:1)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 16:1:

  • Kankanaey: “When plural Abram had stayed in Canaan for ten years, he and his wife Sarai still had no children. But there was an-unmarried-young-woman who was a slave of Sarai who was from-Egipto who had-the-name Hagar. So Sarai said to Abram, ‘It’s-all-right-if you (sing.) (i.e., why don’t you) go sleep-with this slave of mine so-that maybe she will give-birth, so-that it will-be-counted as our (dual) child, because here-now God has made- me -childless.’ And Abram agreed, so Sarai handed-over her slave to him so-that she would be his second wife.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “From Abram’s wife Sarai there were no children. She had a maid servant of the land of Egypt called Hagar.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Sarai the wife of Abram was- not -able-to-give-birth. She had an Egiptohanon female servant whose name is Hagar.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Up to that time, Abram’s wife Sarai had not given birth to any children for Abram. But she had a female slave from Egypt, whose name was Hagar.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 16:2)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 16:2:

  • Newari: “Sarai said to Abram — The LORD has not given me [even] a single child. So go to my maid servant and sleep with her. Even if [only] from her there will be descendants for me.’ Abram listened to Sarai’s suggestion.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Sarai said to Abram, ‘Because the LORD did- not -allow that I could-give-birth, maybe it is better that you sleep-together with my female servant for we (incl.) might still be-able-to-receive a child through her.’ Abram agreed to what- his wife -had-said.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “So one day Sarai said to Abram, ‘Listen to me! Yahweh has not allowed me to become pregnant. So sleep with/have sex with my slave Hagar. Perhaps she will bear children whom I can consider to be mine.’ Abram agreed to do what Sarai said.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 16:3)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 16:3:

  • Newari: “Sarai brought her maid servant Hagar of the land of Egypt and handed her over to her husband Abram as wife. This had happened ten years after Abram came to Canaan.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “So Sarai gave Hagar to Abram so-that [she] will-become his wife. (This happened after Abram lived in Canaan for ten years.)” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “So Abram slept with/had sex with Hagar, his wife Sarai’s slave from Egypt. This happened ten years after they went to live in Canaan land. Sarai gave Hagar to her husband to be his secondary wife.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 16:4)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 16:4:

  • Kankanaey: “When that was so, Abram and Hagar truly slept-together, and Hagar became-pregnant (lit. passive-of-existential). When she was-able-to-sense that she was pregnant, she mocked/belittled Sarai.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Abram went to Hagar. And Hagar conceived. As soon as Hagar realized that she was pregnant, she started despising Sarai, her master’s wife.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Later on Hagar got-pregnant. When Hagar found-out/knew that she was pregnant, she put-down/caused-to-be-low Sarai.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “He slept with/had sex with Hagar and she became pregnant. When she realized that she was pregnant, she began to despise her mistress Sarai.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 16:5)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 16:5:

  • Kankanaey: “Then Sarai said to Abram, ‘This bad-thing that my slave is doing to me is your (sing.) sin (i.e., your fault). I admittedly am the one-who-gave-permission that you (sing.) sleep-with-her, but now that she knows that she is pregnant, there she is mocking/belittling-me. May it be that God will investigate as to which of us (dual) has the sin/fault (lit. is the sin owner).'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Then Sarai said to Abram — ‘The suffering that happened to me all happened because of you. I handed over my maid servant to you. Now ever since she realized that she is pregnant, she has started despising me. Now the LORD will do judgment of you and of me.'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Because of-this, Sarai said to Abram, ‘Now that Hagar is pregnant she now puts me down. You are-the-one-who should-be blamed for-this. I gave her to you and you should-be/[wish particle] the-one to-rebuke her. The LORD now will-judge which of us (incl.) is right.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Then Sarai said to Abram, ‘It is your fault! I put my servant into your arms, so that you could sleep with her. Now she realizes that she is pregnant, and she despises me. I think Yahweh will punish you for doing this to me!'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 16:6)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 16:6:

  • Kankanaey: “Abram said, ‘She is your (sing.) slave and you (sing.) can do what you (sing.) want.’ Right after-that Sarai excessively hardshipped Hagar, so she ran-away.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Abram said — ‘Your maid servant is in your hand. What[ever] you want to do, do like that to her.’ Then Sarai gave Hagar trouble. Because of this Hagar ran away from there.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Abram replied, ‘If that is the case, I will-give- her -back to you as a servant and you do whatever you want to do with her.’ Beginning at that-[time] the treatment of Sarai to Hagar was extremely bad, so in the end she just fled.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “So Abram said to Sarai, ‘You listen to me! She is your servant, so act towards her in the way you consider best.’ Then Sarai started to mistreat her, so she ran away from Sarai.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 16:7)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 16:7:

  • Kankanaey: “An angel of God came-upon her at the location of a spring in the place with no inhabitants (key term = desert/wilderness) on the path that goes to Shur.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The angel of the LORD caught her at the spring [lit.: at the water source] in the wilderness on the road that goes towards Shur.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The angel of the LORD saw Hagar there at the spring at the/a desolate-place. This spring was near the road going-to Shur.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “An angel of Yahweh found her as she was near a spring of water in the desert. It was the spring that was alongside the road to Shur.” (Source: Translation for Translators)