Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Psalm 77:17)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Psalm 77:17:

  • Chichewa Contempary Chichewa translation, 2002/2016:
    “The clouds poured their waters down,
    in the sky thunders were heard;
    your arrows flew there and there.” (Source: Mawu a Mulungu mu Chichewa Chalero Back Translation)
  • Newari:
    “Rain fell from the clouds
    In the heavens it also thundered
    Lightning flashed from all sides.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon:
    “(It) rained from the clouds;
    (it) thundered in heaven and lightening-flashed everywhere/[lit. where ever].” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Laarim:
    “The clouds poured water,
    and the thunder filled up heaven,
    your lightening shines like arrows.” (Source: Laarim Back Translation)
  • Gbaya:
    “the clouds melt onto the ground,
    the thunderclap throws its voice to the ground,
    your arrows fly in all directions.” (Source: Philip Noss in The Bible Translator 1976, p. 100ff. . Noss explains: [For the translation of this verse, the Gbaya translators chose] “grammatical constructions [that] are specifically literary, occurring only in narrative discourse. This pattern was used sparingly, but [here] it seemed appropriate.”
  • Nyakyusa-Ngonde (back-translation into Swahili):
    “Mvua ikamwagika kutoka katika mawingu,
    radi ikanguruma mbinguni,
    vimulimuli vikamulika kotekote.” (Source: Nyakyusa Back Translation)
  • English:
    “Rain poured down from the clouds;
    it thundered very loudly, and lightning flashed in all directions.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Psalm 77:18)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Psalm 77:18:

  • Chichewa Contempary Chichewa translation, 2002/2016:
    “Your thunder was heard in the whirlwind,
    your lightening lighted the whole land;
    the earth trembled and shook.” (Source: Mawu a Mulungu mu Chichewa Chalero Back Translation)
  • Newari:
    “The sound of resounding thunder
    was heard from all over the heavens.
    Lightning flashed all around.
    The earth trembled and quaked.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon:
    “Thunder was-heard among the storms;
    the flashes-of-lightning caused- the world -to-be-lit-up;
    and the earth quaked.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Laarim:
    “People heard your thunder in the wind,
    your lightening shines all over the land,
    the earth shook, and the earthquake caught the earth.” (Source: Laarim Back Translation)
  • Nyakyusa-Ngonde (back-translation into Swahili):
    “Sauti ya radi yako ikasikiwa katika kimbunga.
    Mwanga wa radi ukamulika duniani poote,
    duniani pakatetemeka na kutikisika.” (Source: Nyakyusa Back Translation)
  • English:
    “Thunder crashed in the whirlwind, and lightning lit up/flashed across the entire sky;
    the earth shook violently.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Psalm 77:19)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Psalm 77:19:

  • Chichewa Contempary Chichewa translation, 2002/2016:
    “Your path passed on the lake,
    your path passed on the strong water,
    even the stamps of your feet were not seen.” (Source: Mawu a Mulungu mu Chichewa Chalero Back Translation)
  • Newari:
    “You divided the sea and made a road.
    But there was no sign of Your path anywhere.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon:
    “You crossed the sea that has great waves,
    but you can- not -be-seen.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Laarim:
    “Your way was in the sea,
    your way which crosses very large sea,
    but instead no one sees your feet
    where you are walking.” (Source: Laarim Back Translation)
  • Nyakyusa-Ngonde (back-translation into Swahili):
    “Njia yako ilipita katika bahari,
    ilipita katika maji mengi sana,
    lakini nyayo zako hazikuonekana.” (Source: Nyakyusa Back Translation)
  • English:
    “Then you walked through the sea
    on a path that you made through the deep water,
    but your footprints could not be seen.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Psalm 77:20)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Psalm 77:20:

  • Chichewa Contempary Chichewa translation, 2002/2016:
    “You led your people like a group of sheep
    by the hand of Moses and Aaron.” (Source: Mawu a Mulungu mu Chichewa Chalero Back Translation)
  • Newari:
    “Like a shepherd, you showed your people the road.
    And Moses and Aaron lead them.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon:
    “Through Moises and Aaron you (sing.) led your (sing.) people like sheep.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Laarim:
    “You came to guide your people like sheep,
    by hands of Moses and Aaron.” (Source: Laarim Back Translation)
  • Nyakyusa-Ngonde (back-translation into Swahili):
    “Uliwaongoza watu wako kama vile kundi la kondoo,
    wakati ambao Musa na Haruni waliwaongoza.” (Source: Nyakyusa Back Translation)
  • English:
    “You led your people like a shepherd leads his flock of sheep,
    while Moses and Aaron were the leaders of your people.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Psalm 78:1)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Psalm 78:1:

  • Chichewa Contempary Chichewa translation, 2002/2016:
    “You my people hear my teaching;
    listen to the words of my mouth.” (Source: Mawu a Mulungu mu Chichewa Chalero Back Translation)
  • Newari:
    “O my people, hear my words.
    Give ear to what I am about to say.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon:
    “Fellowmen, [you (plur.)] listen to my teachings.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Laarim:
    “My people, hear my teaching,
    hear the matters which I said.” (Source: Laarim Back Translation)
  • Nyakyusa-Ngonde (back-translation into Swahili):
    “Enyi watu wangu,
    msikilize mafundisho yangu.
    Tega masikio yenu,
    kwa maneno ambayo ninasema.” (Source: Nyakyusa Back Translation)
  • English:
    “My friends, listen to what I am going to teach you;
    pay careful attention to what I say.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Psalm 78:2)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Psalm 78:2:

  • Chichewa Contempary Chichewa translation, 2002/2016:
    “I will open my mouth in parables,
    I will speak hidden things, things of long ago” (Source: Mawu a Mulungu mu Chichewa Chalero Back Translation)
  • Newari:
    “By quoting a proverb I will teach you.
    By quoting a proverb I will instruct you,
    revealing matters that were formerly hidden.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon:
    “I will-teach you (plur.) through a story.
    I will-tell you (plur.) the hidden truths of time-past” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Laarim:
    “I will talk in parables,
    I will talk in matters which are hidden that are old,” (Source: Laarim Back Translation)
  • Nyakyusa-Ngonde (back-translation into Swahili):
    “Nitasema na ninyi mifano,
    nitawambia ambayo yamefichwa ya zamani,” (Source: Nyakyusa Back Translation)
  • English:
    “I am going to give you some sayings that wise people have said.
    They will be sayings about things that happened long ago,
    things that were difficult to understand,” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Psalm 78:3)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Psalm 78:3:

  • Chichewa Contempary Chichewa translation, 2002/2016:
    “what we heard and knew,
    what our parents told us.” (Source: Mawu a Mulungu mu Chichewa Chalero Back Translation)
  • Newari:
    “Matters which we have heard and known,
    and our ancestors have told us.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon:
    “that we (incl.) have- already -known
    for these were-told to us (incl.) by our (incl.) ancestors/[lit. old-ones].” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Laarim:
    “which we heard,
    which our ancestors told us.” (Source: Laarim Back Translation)
  • Nyakyusa-Ngonde (back-translation into Swahili):
    “ambayo tuliyasikia na kuyajua,
    ambayo baba zetu walitufundisha.” (Source: Nyakyusa Back Translation)
  • English:
    “things that we have heard and known previously,
    things that our parents and grandparents told us.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Psalm 78:4)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Psalm 78:4:

  • Chichewa Contempary Chichewa translation, 2002/2016:
    “We will not hide from their children,
    we will explain to the next generation
    the praiseworthy works of Jehovah,
    his powers, and the miracles that He has done.” (Source: Mawu a Mulungu mu Chichewa Chalero Back Translation)
  • Newari:
    “We will not hide from our descendants the LORD’s power
    and the great works that He has done.
    We will tell these things to those who come after us.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon:
    “We (incl.) will- not -hide these from our (incl.) children;
    we (incl.) will-tell these to the next generations.
    We (incl.) will-tell them the power of the LORD and his praiseworthy and amazing/marvelous deeds.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Laarim:
    “We will not hide these matters from our children,
    we will tell our children who will come,
    the work of the glory of the LORD, and his power
    and the miracles that he performed.” (Source: Laarim Back Translation)
  • Nyakyusa-Ngonde (back-translation into Swahili):
    “Hatutawaficha maneno haya watoto wetu,
    nao wa katika kizazi ambacho kinakuja tutawambia,
    matendo ya Bwana ya kusifiwa,
    nguvu zake na miujiza yake.” (Source: Nyakyusa Back Translation)
  • English:
    “We will tell these things to our children, and we will also tell to our grandchildren
    about Yahweh’s power and the glorious/ great things that he has done.” (Source: Translation for Translators)