sheep

“Sheep are known throughout most of the world, even though, as in Central Africa, they are a far cry from the fleecy wool-producing animals of colder climates. Where such animals are known, even by seemingly strange names, e.g. ‘cotton deer’ (Yucateco) or ‘woolly goat’ (Inupiaq), such names should be used. In some instances, one may wish to borrow a name and use a classifier, e.g. ‘an animal called sheep’. In still other instances translators have used ‘animal which produces wool’, for though people are not acquainted with the animals they are familiar with wool.” (Source: Bratcher / Nida)

In Dëne Súline, it is usually translated as “an evil little caribou.” To avoid the negative connotation, a loan word from the neighboring South Slavey was used. (Source: NCEM, p. 70)

Note that the often-alleged Inuktitut translation of “sheep” with “seal” is an urban myth (source Nida 1947, p. 136).

See also lamb and sheep / lamb.

Goliath

The term that is transliterated as “Goliath” in English is translated in American Sign Language with a finger pointing to the forehead (a reference to where the stone hit him) followed by the sign for “tall” referring to 1 Samuel 17:49 and 1 Samuel 17:4. (Source: Ruth Anna Spooner, Ron Lawer)


“Goliath” in American Sign Language, source: Deaf Harbor

See also Zacchaeus.

Learn more on Bible Odyssey: Goliath .

For more information on translations of proper names with sign language see Sign Language Bible Translations Have Something to Say to Hearing Christians .

Translation commentary on Psalm 151:1

I was small among my brothers: David was the smallest or shortest of his father Jesse’s sons. See 1 Sam 16.7.

And youngest in my father’s house: See 1 Sam 16.11.

I tended my father’s sheep is literally “I shepherded my father’s sheep.” This is also a reference to 1 Sam 16.11.

Alternative translation models for this verse are:

• I was smaller than all my brothers,
the youngest of my father’s sons.
I was a shepherd boy in my father’s fields.

• I was my father’s youngest
and smallest son,
and I took care of his sheep (Contemporary English Version).

Quoted with permission from Bullard, Roger A. and Hatton, Howard A. A Handbook on The Shorter Books of the Deuterocanon. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 2006. For this and other handbooks for translators see