The Jews, however, continued to maintain good will and unswerving loyalty to the dynasty: The dynasty is literally “the kings,” and may refer to the line of kings then ruling Egypt (so Revised Standard Version). However, it may be more meaningful to see this verse as a statement that the Jews, wherever they lived, made it a practice to be loyal to the ruling authorities. This understanding will make a problem in verse 5 a bit easier. With a slight adaptation, we may use Contemporary English Version as a model for this verse as follows:

• But in fact, the Jews were always loyal to their rulers and never caused trouble of any kind.

Quoted with permission from Bullard, Roger A. and Hatton, Howard A. A Handbook on 3-4 Maccabees. (UBS Helps for Translators). Miami: UBS, 2018. For this and other handbooks for translators see here.