Language-specific Insights

put oil on your head / comb your hair

The Greek in Matthew 6:17 that is often translated as “comb your hair” in translations for languages of people with predominantly type 1 – 3 hair (straight, wavy, curly — see Hair Typing System ) if the translators are attempting to communicate the importance of looking one’s best in this verse (see complete verse (Matthew 6:17)). It is more easily translatable directly as “put oil on your head” in many languages for people in regions of sub-Saharan Africa, Melanesia, and Australia with type 4 hair (see kinky hair ) where it is more common to use oil in hair care. This is the case in Matumbi, whose speakers’ “hair becomes brittle when they wash it without oil, because their hair isn’t naturally oily.” (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific notes in Paratext)

Elijah with Moses

The Greek in Mark 9:4 that is translated as “Elijah with Moses” in English is translated in Matumbi as “Moses with Elijah” because Moses lived before Elijah. (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific notes in Paratext)

stir

The Greek in John 5:4 that is translated as “stirred (the water)” in English is translated in Matumbi as “shook (the water).” (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific notes in Paratext)

refuse to come to me

The Greek in John 5:40 that is translated as “refuse to come to me” or similar in English is translated in Matumbi as “refuse to believe/trust/rely on me.” (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific notes in Paratext)

But what are they among so many people?

The Greek in John 6:9 that is translated as “But what are they among so many people?” or similar in English is translated in Matumbi as “But this amount of food for this crowd of people, who will get to eat and who will be left out?” (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific notes in Paratext)

gave them ability

The Greek in Acts 2:4 that is translated as “gave them ability” or similar in English is translated in Matumbi as “empowered them.” (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific notes in Paratext)

see the wind

The Greek in Matthew 14:30 that is translated as “see (or: notice) the wind” in English is translated in Matumbi idiomatically as “hear the wind.” (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific notes in Paratext)

four-footed creatures and reptiles

The Greek that is translated as “four-footed creatures and reptiles” or similar in English is translated in Matumbi as “four-footed creatures and snakes,” since lizard-like creatures are already included in four-footed. (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific notes in Paratext)

See also reptiles / creeping things.