Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Exodus 19:19)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 19:19:

  • Kupsabiny: “The horn sounded high repeatedly. Whenever Moses spoke, God replied by thunder.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The sound of the trumpet grew louder and louder, Moses spoke and God thundered his reply.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “and the sound of the horn became- much -louder. Then Moises spoke and the God answered him by-means-of thunder.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “The triton shell sounded and became loud and very loud. And when it was done then Moses talked, and God’s voice answered his talk.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “When cry of war horn was increasing, Moses called God, and God answered for him it with voice which be the same with thunder.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “As the sound of the trumpet continued to become louder, Moses/I spoke to Yahweh, and Yahweh answered him/me in a loud voice that sounded like thunder.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 19:20)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 19:20:

  • Kupsabiny: “When God came down to the mountain of Sinai, (he) called Moses to go up the mountain. Then Moses climbed up to go there.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The Lord came down upon the top of Mt. Sinai and called up to the top of mountain and Moses ascended (to God).” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The LORD came-down on top of Mount Sinai, and he told Moises to-climb to the top of the Mountain. So Moises climbed” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And the Chief came down and then stood on the top of Sainai mountain. And then he called Moses to ascend and go there to the top of the mountain. Therefore Moses ascended and went,” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “Therefore, The Lord came head of Mountain of Sinay, and he called [this direction] Moses to him. And Moses climbed there,” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Then Yahweh came down again onto the top of Sinai Mountain, and he summoned Moses/me to come up to the top of the mountain. So Moses/I went up.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 19:21)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 19:21:

  • Kupsabiny: “When he reached, God told him that, ‘Go down and tell the people that they should not cross over the boundary to see me. If they do like that, many of them will die.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The Lord said to Moses, ’Go back down and warn the people not to cross the boundaries to see me otherwise they will die.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “and the LORD said to him, ‘[You (sing.)] go-back down and warn the people that they are- not ever -to-come-cross-over the boundary around the mountain in-order-to see me. For if they do this, many of them will-die.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “and then the Chief said to him, ‘Descend and go and make strong talk to the people that they not overstep this boundary marker. Lest they see me, the Chief and so many of them die.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “and The Lord said to him «you return down, you go warn people they must not delimitation cross [this direction] for seeing me. When they will do it thus, many people will die.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Yahweh said to Moses/me, ‘Go down again and warn the people not to cross the boundary in order to look at me. If they do that, many of them will die.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 19:22)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 19:22:

  • Kupsabiny: “The priests who come near me should purify themselves if not I will punish/inflict pain.’” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The priests are to sanctify to come before the Lord or the Lord will destroy them.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Even the priests that who always come-near to my presence must clean themselves, for if not, I will- also -punish them.’” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And the people of offerings also, they must respect this taboo/mark of ownership which I put on them and so follow the practice of showing that my taboo is resting on them. Lest I destroy them.’” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “And priests who are drawing near [this direction] to me, It is necessary that they must first amongst themselves wash from evil things. If they not it thus will do, I will strike them.»” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Also, the priests who habitually come near me must purify themselves. If they do not do that, I will punish them.’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 19:23)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 19:23:

  • Kupsabiny: “Moses told God that, ‘People are not climbing to the mountain because you said that I put a boundary around the hill/mountain and set aside that mountain.’” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Moses said to the Lord, ‘The people cannot come up mountain Sinai because you yourself warned us ‘Put bamboos around the mountain.’’” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Moises said to the LORD, ‘The people can- not -climb-up the mountain for you (sing.) yourself warned us (excl.) that we (excl.) are-to-consider the mountain holy, and you (sing.) have- already -told us (excl.) to-put a marker/boundary around the mountain up-to [limiting particle] where we (excl.) are-to-stand.’” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And then Moses said to the Chief, ‘But the people aren’t able to ascend and come to the mountain here. For you talked strongly to us (excl.) and so put the marker so that it surrounds Sainai mountain. [Since] it’s like that, then they [will] respect this taboo.’” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “And Moses said to The Lord «People not head of Mountain of Sinay will climb [this direction], because you youself, you warn us (excl.), saying ‹Delimit bottom of mountain [that] it might be holy.› »” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Then Moses/I said to Yahweh, ‘The people will not climb the mountain, because you commanded them, saying, ‘Set a boundary around the mountain, to make it sacred/taboo.’’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 19:24)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 19:24:

  • Kupsabiny: “Then God replied that, ‘Go down and bring Aaron. But the other priests or the people must not cross over the boundary and climb up to where I am. If they do like that, I will do things that are painful to (them).’” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The Lord replied ‘Go down and bring Aaron up here. But the people and the priests are not allowed to cross the border; and come up to me or I will destroy them.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The LORD said to him, ‘Go-down and bring Aaron here. But the priests and the people should not come here to me. For if they come here I will- surely -punish them.’” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “But the Chief said to him, ‘Descend and go and then bring Aron so that the two of you ascend and come to me. But the people of offerings and the crowd can’t/mustn’t overstep the boundary and so arise and come to me. Lest I destroy them.’” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “And The Lord answered for him it «Climb down, you go bring here Aaron, you come with him. But, people and priests, they must not delimitation cross [this direction] [that] they might come to me. If they will cross [this direction] it, I Yahweh will strike them.»” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Yahweh replied, ‘Go down the mountain, and bring Aaron back up with you. But do not allow the priests or other people to cross the boundary to come up to me. If they cross it, I will punish them.’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 19:25)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 19:25:

  • Kupsabiny: “Moses went down and told the people the words/things that God had said.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Then Moses went to the People and told them what God had said” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “So Moises went-down and told the people.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “Okay, therefore Moses descended and went and then informed them of all this talk.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “Therefore, Moses climb down, went told it for people of Israel.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “So Moses/I went down the mountain again and told the people what Yahweh had said.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 20:1)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 20:1:

  • Kupsabiny: “God said that,” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Then God spoke all these words,” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The LORD said,” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And then God made all this talk as follows,” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “And God told these words all for people of Israel like this:” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Then God said this to the Israeli people:” (Source: Translation for Translators)