Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Malachi 1:4)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Malachi 1:4:

  • Kupsabiny: “The people of Edom those from the house of Esau might say, ‘We shall build our deserted homesteads to become new even though our cities have been destroyed.’ But the God of authority is saying: Let them build but I shall destroy (it/them). (They) shall be called ‘The community of sin that God will forever hate/not come near to‘.’” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The Edomites may say, "Though they destroy our cities, we will rebuild those cities."
    The LORD Almighty, however, says, "Though they rebuild, I will destroy them again. People will call Edom a wicked country. And it will be said, ‘the LORD is forever angry with them.’” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “‘If the Edomnon the descendants of Esau will-say, ‘Even-though our (excl.) place has-been-destroyed we will-rebuild it,’ I, the LORD Almighty, will-say, ‘Even if they build their place I will- still -destroy it.’ They will-be-called ‘the evil nation’ and ‘people whom the LORD always hate.’” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “If those-from-Edom who are descendants of Esau say, ‘Our towns are destroyed but we will raise-them-up again,’ God the Highest Ruler says, ‘Even-though they build/make-(them), yet I will destroy-(them) again. They will be named a characteristically-sinful nation and people who hate God forever.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “The descendants of Esau who live in Edom may say, ‘Yes, we have been crushed/ruined, but we will rebuild houses in the ruins.’
    But the Commander of the armies of angels replies, ‘They may build houses again, but I will demolish them again. Their country will be called ‘The land where wicked people live’ and their people will be called ‘The people with whom Yahweh is angry forever’.’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Malachi 1:5)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Malachi 1:5:

  • Kupsabiny: “You (plur.) will see these things with your own eyes and be saying, ‘God is of authority and (he/it) goes beyond even the borders of Israel.’” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “You will see this with your own eyes, and you will say, ‘LORD is also great outside the country of Israel!’” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “[You (plur.)] will- really -see their destruction and you (plur.) will-say, ‘The LORD (is) mighty even outside Israel.’ ’” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “The Israelita will really emphatically (prophetic formula) see these-things that will happen and they will say in-the-future, ‘We-now-realize that God is all-powerful even in the countries that are outside of Israel.’ ’” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “When you Israeli people yourselves see what I will do to them, you will say, ‘It is evident far beyond the borders of Israel that Yahweh is very great!’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Malachi 1:6)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Malachi 1:6:

  • Kupsabiny: “The God of authority is saying to the priests, ‘A child respects its parents and slaves respect their masters. I am your father so why do you not respect/obey/fear me? I am your master so what is wrong with you that you do not obey me? You look down on me and you are saying, ‘What shows that we are looking down on you?’” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The son honor his father and the slave his master. If I am your father, why don’t you honor me? If I am your master why don’t you respect me? This is what the LORD Almighty says to you,
    "O you priests, who despise my name.
    "You, however say, ‘In what way did we despise your name?’” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The LORD Almighty said to the priests, ‘A child honors/respects his father and a slave honors/respects his master. But why I your (plur.) father and master you (plur.) do- not -respect? You (plur.) even blaspheme me. But you (plur.) still/even ask, ‘How do we (excl.) blaspheme you (plur.)?’” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “God the Highest Ruler says, ‘The child respects his father and the slave his master/lord. I am your Father and your Lord/Master, but why don’t you worship/honor me? You priests, you mock/belittle me but you still say, ‘How did we (excl.) mock/belittle you (sing.)?’” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “But the Commander of the armies of angels says to the priests, ‘Boys honor their fathers, and servants respect their masters. So, if I am like your father and your master, why do you not honor and respect me? You have despised me !’
    But you ask, ‘How/In what way have we despised you?’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Malachi 1:7)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Malachi 1:7:

  • Kupsabiny: “For you to see that you despise me, it is that, you are doing/using for me unfit food at the altar. But you are asking again, ‘What shows that we are not honoring you?’ Let me tell you, you are insulting me there at the altar.’” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “‘By offering defiled food on my altar you have defiled me.
    ‘But you ask, ‘How have we defiled you?’
    "By saying that the LORD’s table deserves no respect."” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “You (plur.) blaspheme me by offering unclean/dirty offerings/sacrifices on my altar. But you (plur.) still ask, ‘How did- we (excl.) -make- dirty our (excl.) sacrifices?’ You (plur.) made- your (plur.) offerings -dirty by saying that my altar (is) has no value.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “My answer, you offered what is filthy on my altar. Then you say, ‘How did we (excl.) cause- you (sing.) -to-be-made-filthy?’ I will tell you. Your mocking/belittling of my altar is shown by what you are doing.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “Yahweh replies, ‘Instead of honoring me, you have despised me by offering sacrifices on my altar that are unacceptable to me.’
    Then you ask, ‘What sacrifices have we given that have been unacceptable to you?’
    Yahweh replies, ‘You think that it does not matter/it is okay if you do not respect my altar.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Malachi 1:8)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Malachi 1:8:

  • Kupsabiny: “The God of authority is saying, ‘It is bad when you bring blind animals to use them as sacrifices to me. It is not good to give/present animals that are lame of sick. Would your ruler/king be happy if you brought him such animals?‘” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The LORD Almighty says, "You bring blind animals to be sacrificed, is this not wrong? You bring lame and sick animals and offer them to me. Is this not wrong? Try to give them to your governor! Would he be happy with you? Would he accept you?"” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “That is you (plur.) offer blind, lame, or sickly animals. That (is) not right! You (plur.) try to give your (plur.) governor the same-as that kind of animals. Very surely he will- not -be-happy with you (plur.) and he will- not -show you (plur.) kindness.’ This is what the LORD Almighty said.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Do you think (lit. say) that your offering to me one-eyed, lame and sick animals is right? You go-right-ahead-then-and (argumentative reproof particle) try giving (such offerings) to the governor so-that it-can-be-seen whether he is pleased with you.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “You offer for sacrifices animals that are blind. Is that not wrong?/That is disgusting! And you offer for sacrifices animals that are crippled or that have diseases. Is that also not wrong?/That also is disgusting! If you tried to give presents like that to your governor, do you think that he would be pleased?/he would certainly not be pleased! Would he accept such gifts?He would certainly not accept such gifts! That is what the Commander of the armies of angels says!’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Malachi 1:9)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Malachi 1:9:

  • Kupsabiny: “You are praying that God will here you and have mercy on you. But God of authority is saying, ‘Why should I listen to you when you give me such things?” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “O you priests, now plead with God to be gracious to us. Having brought that kind of offering with your hands, is he likely to accept you? says the LORD Almighty.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Malakias said, ‘Now, you (plur.) priests, you (plur.) request God that he will-show-mercy to us (incl.). But for that kind of offerings that you (plur.) offer to him very surely that he will- not -show you (plur.) kindness. This is what the LORD Almighty says.’” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘Now, try you priests to plead-for-mercy to me who am God so-that I will show-mercy/kindness to the collective-people. But I will not listen-to your prayers and you will be the guilty-ones (lit. sin owners).’” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “And he also says, ‘You plead with me to be merciful to you. But you bring to me sacrifices that are not acceptable to me, so why should I be kind to you ?’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Malachi 1:10)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Malachi 1:10:

  • Kupsabiny: “I would rather that there was one among you who would close the gates of the Homestead of God to prevent you (plur.) from burning for me sacrifices that are not good there at the altar. I am not happy with (them) and I do not accept/want those sacrifices that you are bringing to me.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The LORD Almighty says again, "Hey you priests! Oh, that one of you would shut the temple doors, so that you would not light useless fires on my altar! I am not happy with you nor will I accept any offering from your hands."” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The LORD Almighty said, ‘Wish there (is) one of you (plur.) priests who will-close the door of my temple, so-that you (plur.) no-longer have-to-light the fire on my altar, that has no value at-all. For I will- not -accept your (plur.) offerings, because I (am) not happy/pleased with you (plur.).” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “God the Highest Ruler also says, ‘There ought to be one of you who would close-the-door to the Temple (loan Timplo) so-that you are not able-to-enter to burn offerings/sacrifices that have no usefulness on my altar, because I am not pleased with you and I will not accept even any of what you offer/sacrifice.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “The Commander of the armies of angels also says, ‘I wish/desire that one of you would shut the gates of the temple courtyard, in order that no one could offer those worthless sacrifices. I am not pleased with you, and I will not accept the offerings that you bring to me.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Malachi 1:11)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Malachi 1:11:

  • Kupsabiny: “People all over the world from one end to the other honor me. Those things that smell sweet are burned for me and clean/holy sacrifices are made for me in every place, because my name is great among all communities.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “LORD Almighty says again, "My name will be great among all nations, from where the sun rises to where it sets. In every place incense and worthy of acceptance kind of offerings will be brought to me, because my name shall be exalted among the nations."” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “In truth, my name is-praised among the nations, from the east to the west. In every place the people burn incense and offer clean offerings to me, the LORD Almighty.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because later indeed (predictive formula) the collective-people will honor/worship and esteem me in the entire earth. All towns/countries, they will burn incense and pleasing offerings/sacrifices.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “People of other nations honor me every day, from sunrise/morning until sunset/evening. All over the world people offer incense and other pure/acceptable offerings to me. They do that because people among all the nations know that I am very great.” (Source: Translation for Translators)