Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Exodus 27:21)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 27:21:

  • Kupsabiny: “Tell Aron and his sons to be placing the lamps in the living/outer room in front of the curtain which covers/shields the private/secret room. Those lamps should be lighting/shining before me throughout the night. All the Israelites should keep this law for generations to come!” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “In front of the curtain that is before the ark of the covenant in the Tent of Meeting Aaron and his sons must light the lamps so they burn without ever stopping before the Lord from evening till morning This command must be forever for the Israelites from generation to generation.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The place-to-put the lamp/light should-be-put outside the curtain that covers the Box of the Law. Aaron and his descendants are the-(ones) to take-care of the lamps/lights of the Meeting-Together-Place Tent. They are-to-keep- them -burning in my presence morning and night. The Israelinhon should obey this command for generations to come.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “Aron together with his male children will bring the lams into my shelter’s interior, into the place in which I meet together with them. These lams will be existing in my shelter’s interior there in the place which has a somewhat great taboo, near to the big cloth which hides the law box. And day by day, Aron and his male children will pour oil into the lams, in order for them to be giving light in my presence always from the afternoon and until morning. You Israel people together with your children and descendants who will being coming forth later, you must be following this law so that it continues and goes.’” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “That lamp, let it be present inside of Dwelling-Tent-of-God outside of sacred-place where sacred box be present there. Beginning from night until daybreak daily, Aaron and his male children, they must go be adding oil there in front of me, I Yahweh. This, generation of children of Israel which will come all, let them take place do it.»” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “They must put the lampstand outside of the curtain which is in front of the sacred chest which contains the stone slabs on which I have written my commandments. Aaron must take care of the lamps. After he dies, his descendants must do this work. The lamps are to burn every night, from evening until morning. The Israeli people must obey this regulation throughout all future generations.’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 28:1)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 28:1:

  • Kupsabiny: “Set apart your brother Aaron plus his sons in/from the nation of Israel to come to where you are. Those boys/sons are: Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar. Set them apart so that they will be serving me in burning of sacrifices.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Bring to you from among the Israelites your brother Aaron and his sons Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar to do the work of priest for me.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “‘[You (sing.)] separate from the people Aaron your (sing.) sibling/(brother) and his male children Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar, in-order-to serve me as priests.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “God spoke again like this, ‘When you (sing.) return back, you must call your older brother Aron together with his male children Nadap and Abiu and Eleasar and Itamar, in order for them to stand separate from the people of Israel. And so you will appoint them to exist as my people of offerings.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “And God also say Moses «Your brother namely Aaron, you shall called them with his male children, Nadab, and Abihu, and Eleazar, and Ithamar. From children of Israel all be they who you will make [so that] they be separated as my priests.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “‘Summon your older brother Aaron and his sons—Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar. Set them apart/They are the ones whom I have chosen from the rest of the Israeli people, in order that they can serve me by being priests.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 28:2)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 28:2:

  • Kupsabiny: “Let clothes of the priests which are very beautiful and honored be made/sewn for your brother Aaron.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Make sacred garments for your brother Aaron. It will give him dignity and will make him beautiful.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Have-(someone)-sew holy clothing/garments for Aaron, so-that he will-be-honored.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “You (sing.) will make good decorations for [the work of] offerings for your older brother Aron in order to decorate him. Those decoration also have a taboo/mark of ownership. [Since] it’s like that then his status [will] be great, and so the Israel people will respect him.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “So, you shall make clothing which be special for your brother namely Aaron, in order that it might show his greatness, [so that] they might fear him.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Tell the people to make beautiful clothes for Aaron, clothes that are suitable for one who has this dignified and sacred work.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 28:3)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 28:3:

  • Kupsabiny: “All the people whom I gave wisdom of tailoring should be invited and you (sing.) tell them to make clothes for Aaron so that he is set apart for me as a priest.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Summon all that I have given wisdom to do this kind of work. Command them to sew garments for Aaron. Then Aaron will serve me as priest.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Tell all the good seamstresses/tailors to whom I have-given ability to sew, that they will-sew garments/clothing for Aaron that will-separate him from the people in-order-to serve me as a priest.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “I gave knowledge to some people for doing artwork with good cloths. And so you (sing.) will speak to them in order that they make decorations of offerings for Aron. And so Aron will put on those decorations on the day in which I put a mark of ownership on him for doing my work of offerings.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “Therefore, they who be wise for sewing of clothes, who I put spirit of skill in body, let them sew clothing of Aaron, in order that they might consecrate him as head of my priests.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Talk to all the skilled workmen, those to whom I have given special ability. Tell them to make clothes for Aaron, for him to wear when he is set apart/dedicated to become a priest to serve me.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 28:4)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 28:4:

  • Kupsabiny: “Tell (them) to sew (a/the) pocket which is worn on (the) chest which is used to know/learn about matters, (a) ceremonial cloth, (a) robe, (a) tunic decorated with beautiful threads, head cloth (turban) and a rope/sash/belt which is tied around the waist.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Following are the garments that they must sewn: breastplate, ephod, and garment of priest, long inner garment, turban and sash.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “These are the pieces-of-clothing/garments that they are-to-sew: a like-pocket(s) which is on the chest, the special clothing of the priests, the outside garment/clothing, the embroidered inner clothing/garment, the turban, and a cloth-belt/sash. They are- also -to-sew holy clothing/garments for the sons of Aaron so they may-serve me as a priests.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “The decorations for offerings, they must make them as follows: his chest’s small cloth which has good decorations, and his trunk’s cloth, and his long robe (lit. covering), and his siot which has good decorations, and another cloth to be for enwrapping his head, and the belt of his middle. These decorations have a mark of ownership. The people of artwork will make these decorations for Aron and his male children, because they will do my offering work.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “Clothing which they will sew, let it be like this: kind of cloth of chest which have pocket, and cloth of thigh, and shirt, and tunic, and belt, and turban. Thus, they will sew clothes which be special for your brother namely Aaron and his male children, in order that they might be priests, they might be doing for me thing.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “These are the clothes that they are to make: A sacred pouch for Aaron to wear over his chest, a sacred apron, a robe, an embroidered tunic/gown, a turban/cloth to wrap around his head, and a sash/waistband. These are the clothes that your older brother Aaron and his sons must wear as they serve me by doing the work that priests do.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 28:5)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 28:5:

  • Kupsabiny: “Those people should use expensive cloth and use golden threads and other decorated threads which are blue, purple and red.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “They must use blue, purple, red color and gold thread, and fine linen.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The cloth-material that they are-to-use must-be embroidered linen and blue, purple and red thread/yarn.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “In making all these decorations, people of artwork will take good cloths and so decorate them with needle threads which are red and somewhat red and blue. And they must weave small gol cords onto them also.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “So, linen good, and gold, and thread which be purple, and that which be green/blue, and that which be red, they who be wise for sewing of clothes, you shall give it to them.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “The skilled workmen must use fine linen and blue, purple, and red yarn/thread to make these clothes.’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 28:6)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 28:6:

  • Kupsabiny: “Let them made a sacrificial garment woven using threads of gold and others that are blue, purple and red. It is to be made wisely.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “They must sew the ephod with blue, purple, and red color thread, with gold thread and of fine linen artistically.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “‘The special clothing of the priests must-be linen embroidered with gold thread and blue, purple, and red wool/yarn. The embroidery of this must-be very good.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “‘People of artwork will take a good cloth for making the cloth of Aron’s trunk. And they must decorate that cloth with small gol cords and needle threads which are red and somewhat red and blue.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “«you shall say to them they must sew cloth of thigh with flax cloth, and gold, with thread good which be purple, and that which be red, and that which be green/blue, as they who be wise for clothes sewing do it.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “‘The skilled workmen must make the sacred apron from fine linen, and skillfully embroider it with blue, purple, and red yarn/thread.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 28:7)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 28:7:

  • Kupsabiny: “That cloth should be sewn into two pieces having two straps which overlap the shoulders which have to be tightened so that they hold together.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “To attach this there must be two joining shoulder pieces on both shoulders (The two-shoulder piece must be joined to both shoulders for sticking it.)” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “This is-to-have two parts, back and front, and it is-to-be-attached/connected to the two straps on the shoulder.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And above this cloth for his trunk, they must sew two cords in his shoulders, to be for tying.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “Let it have hand two which go front waistline, go arrive lower back, in order that cloth of thigh and cloth of back, it meet.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “It must have two shoulder straps, to join the front part to the back part.” (Source: Translation for Translators)