Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Genesis 2:7)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 2:7:

  • Kankanaey: “This is the way that God made mankind (= person). He took dust and that is what he shaped into his body. Then he blew into his nose the breath that gives life, and then the person lived.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Then the LORD God, taking clay that was on the earth, made man, and He breathed the breath of life into his nose. In this way the man became one who had life.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Then the LORD God made man from the soil. He blew/breathed into- the -nose of-the man the breath that gives life. So the man became a living creature.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Then Yahweh God took some soil and formed a man. He breathed into the man’s nostrils his own breath that gives life, and as a result the man became a living person.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 2:8)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 2:8:

  • Kankanaey: “When that was so, there was a good/nice land that God had prepared to be the residing-place of the person he had made. That land, it was at Eden which is located-toward the east (lit. coming-out of the sun).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The LORD God made a garden toward the east in a place called Eden. He then put there the man whom he had made.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Then the LORD God made the garden in Eden, in the east side, and there he caused-to-live/dwell the man that he had-made.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Yahweh God made a park/garden in a place named Eden, which was east of the land of Canaan, and he put there the man that he had created.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 2:9)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 2:9:

  • Kankanaey: “That was where- God -caused-to-grow all kinds of trees which are those whose appearance is nice and those also whose fruit is edible. In the middle of that land, there was a tree which if people ate of its fruit, they would live forever. There was also a tree which if they ate from-it they would come-to-know the good and bad.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The LORD God caused fruit trees to sprout which were very good and were pleasant to look at. The tree that gives life and the tree that gives the knowledge of good and evil were caused to be right among them.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “And the LORD God caused-to-grow all kinds of trees that are-good to-look-at and their fruits are-good/delicious to-eat. In the middle of the garden there-was a tree there that gives life, and there-was also a tree there that gives knowledge of what is good and bad.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Yahweh God also put there every kind of tree that is beautiful to see and that produced fruit that was good to eat. He also placed in the middle of the park/garden a tree whose fruit would enable those who ate it to live forever. He also placed there another tree whose fruit would enable those who ate it to know what actions were good to do and what actions were evil to do.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 2:10)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 2:10:

  • Newari: “One river of water came out from Eden to water the garden. [lit.: to cause the garden to be drenched.] and from there it separated, becoming four rivers.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “In Eden there was a river that flows, that which gives water to the garden. It branched/divided into four rivers.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “A river flowed from Eden to provide water for the park/garden. Outside of Eden, the river divided into four rivers.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 2:11)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 2:11:

  • Newari: “The name of the first river is Pishon. This river wanders about in a land called Havilah. There is very good gold in this place.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The name of the first river was Pishon. It flows through the whole land of Havila, where there-is gold.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “The name of the first river is Pishon. That river flows through all the land of Havilah, where there is gold.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 2:12)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 2:12:

  • Newari: “Along with that there are also precious stones and valuable incense here.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The gold there is very pure. And can-be-seen also there the expensive perfume which isbediliyum, and the expensive stone which is onix.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “That gold is very pure/has no impurities in it. There is also a sweet-smelling gum called bdellium, and valuable stones called onyx.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 2:13)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 2:13:

  • Newari: “The name of the second river is Gihon. It wanders about in a country called Cush.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The name of the second river is Gihon. It flows through the whole land of Cush.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “The name of the second river is Gihon. That river flows through all the land of Cain.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 2:14)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 2:14:

  • Newari: “The name of the third river is Tigris. It flows toward the east of a country called Assyria. The name of the fourth river is Euphrates.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The name of the third river is Tigris. It flows through the east of Asiria. And the fourth river is Eufrates.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “The name of the third river is Tigris. It flows east of the city of Asshur. The name of the fourth river is Euphrates.” (Source: Translation for Translators)