Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Joel 3:21)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Joel 3:21:

  • Kupsabiny: “I will repay/avenge the blood of the people of Judah
    and not forgive the sinners.
    I God shall live in Zion.’” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Their guilt of having shed blood that I have not yet forgiven I will forgive."
    The LORD is dwelling in Zion.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “I will-take-revenge-upon the ones who have-killed my people; I will- surely -punish the one who has-done this to them. I (am), the LORD who lives in Zion.’” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “I will avenge those whom they killed, I will not forgive those who sinned. But in Juda and Jerusalem however, there-will-be in-the-future inhabitants forever, and I who am God, I will stay on mountain Zion.’” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “I, Yahweh, live on Zion Hill in Jerusalem,
    and I will get revenge on the people of Egypt and Edom who killed many of my people.’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Amos 1:1)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Amos 1:1:

  • Kupsabiny: “These are the words/matters that God showed Amos who came from the city of Tekoa. Amos was a man who looked after (sheep/cattle). God revealed to him all these words about Israel two years before the earthquake. At that time, Uzziah was ruling the country of Judah, Jeroboam son of Joash was ruling the country of Israel.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The words of Amos, one of the shepherds of Tekoa: These are the visions he saw concerning Israel in the days of Uzziah king of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam the son of Joash, king of Israel, two years before the earthquake.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “This is the message of Amos who comes-from-Tekoa the one-who-watches-over the sheep. This message concerned Israel. And this was-revealed to him by God two years before the earthquake had-happened, during the time that Uzia was the king of Juda and Jeroboam the child of Joash was the king of Israel.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “This is the message that Yahweh gave to me, Amos. I am a shepherd/man who takes care of sheep. I am from near Tekoa town south of Jerusalem. I received this message about Israel in a vision two years before the big earthquake. It was when Uzziah was the king of Judah, and Jeroboam, the son of King Jehoash, was the king of Israel.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Amos 1:2)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Amos 1:2:

  • Kupsabiny: “Amos said,
    God roars in/from Zion,
    and he thunders in/from Jerusalem.
    The pastures of the shepherds will dry up
    and the top of Carmel will become dry.’” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “He said,
    "The Lord like lion roars from Mount Zion
    and he cried out loud from Jerusalem.
    The pastureland of the shepherds
    and the peak of Mount Carmel shall be dried up."” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Amos said, ‘The LORD roars from Zion; his voice thunders from Jerusalem. And because of this the grazing-areas of the ones-who-watch-over the sheep wither as-well-as the plants at the top/peak of Mount Carmel.’” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “This is what Yahweh said:
    ‘I will roar like a lion ;
    when I speak from Zion Hill in Jerusalem , my voice will resemble the sound of thunder.
    When that happens, the pastures where you shepherds take care of your sheep will dry up,
    and the grass on top of Carmel Mountain will wither/become brown
    because I will cause that no rain will fall.’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Amos 1:3)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Amos 1:3:

  • Kupsabiny: “God is saying,
    ‘The people of Damascus sinned repeatedly.
    I will truly punish those people,
    because they caused suffering to the people of Gilead
    and persecuted them severely.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The Lord has said,
    "The people of Damascus have sinned again and again.
    I will surely punish them.
    Because they treated the people of Gilead very badly,
    like grain is threshed with sledges having iron teeth.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “This is what- the LORD -says concerning Syria: ‘Because of the continuous sinning of those who-come-from-Damascus, I will- surely/severely -punish them. For they treated-with-great-harshness those who-come-from-Gilead which it-seemed-like had-been-treaded-upon with a board that has something-like-teeth of iron underneath.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “This is also what Yahweh said to me:
    ‘I will punish the people of Damascus, the capital of Syria, because of the many sins that they have committed;
    I will not change my mind about punishing them ,
    because the cruel things that they did to the people of the Gilead region
    were like people threshing grain using sledges that have iron teeth/sharp iron nails in them.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Amos 1:4)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Amos 1:4:

  • Kupsabiny: “So, I shall send fire to the home of king Hazael
    to destroy that protected city of Ben-hadad.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “I will put fire on the palace of King Hazael.
    It will destroy the fortresses of Ben-hadad completely.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Therefore I will-burn the palace of King Hazael and the very strong/firm portions of Damascus which his child King Ben Hadad caused-to-be-built.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “I will cause a fire to burn the palace that King Hazael built and lived in,
    the fortress where his son King Ben-Hadad also lived.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Amos 1:5)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Amos 1:5:

  • Kupsabiny: “I will break down the gates of Damascus
    and destroy the people of the Valley of Aven
    and the king of Beth-eden.
    The people of Syria will be sent to go to Kir.’” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “I will completely destroy the main gates of Damascus.
    I will destroy those who live in the valley of Aven
    and the ruler of Beth-Eden.
    People of Arama will go into the exile to the country of Kir."
    says the LORD.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “I will-destroy the entrance/gate of Damascus and I will-destroy the leaders/[lit. heads] of the Valley of Aven and Beth Eden. The people of Syria will-be-taken-captives to Kir. I, the LORD, (am) the-(one) saying this.’” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “I will cause the gates of Damascus to be broken down;
    I will get rid of the king who rules in Aven Valley
    and the one who rules in Beth Eden.
    And the people of Syria will be captured and taken to the Kir region where they originally lived.’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Amos 1:6)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Amos 1:6:

  • Kupsabiny: “God says,
    ‘The people of Gaza sinned repeatedly.
    I shall truly punish those people,
    because, they took a whole community
    and took them to the people of Edom to be slaves.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The LORD says,
    ‘The people of Gaza have sinned again and again.
    I will surely punish them.
    They sent whole communities into exile.
    They were sold into slavery in Edom.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “This is what- the LORD -says concerning Filistia: ‘Because of the continuous sinning of those who-come-from-Gaza, I will- surely/severely -punish them. For they took-captive the whole residents of the towns and sold (them) as slaves to Edom.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Yahweh also said this to me:
    ‘I will punish the people of the cities in Philistia:
    I will punish the people of Gaza city because of the many sins that they have committed;
    I will not change my mind about punishing them,
    because they captured large groups of people and took them to Edom
    and sold them to become the slaves of the people of Edom.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Amos 1:7)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Amos 1:7:

  • Kupsabiny: “So, I shall send fire to the walls of Gaza
    to destroy that protected city.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “I will put fire on the wall of Gaza,
    It will destroy all their fortresses completely.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Therefore I will-burn the stone-walls of Gaza and the very strong/firm portions of this city.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “I will cause a fire to completely burn the walls of Gaza
    and also destroy its fortresses.” (Source: Translation for Translators)