Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Joel 1:1)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Joel 1:1:

  • Kupsabiny: “These are the words of God that were revealed to Joel son of Pethuel.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The LORD’s word came to Joel, the son of Pethuel.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “This is the message of the LORD which he revealed to Joel the son of Petuel.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “This is what God caused- Joel the child of Petuel -to-say.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “I am Joel, the son of Pethuel. This is a message that Yahweh gave to me.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Joel 1:2)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Joel 1:2:

  • Kupsabiny: “Listen, oh my elders
    and hear, oh my community.
    This is a word/matter that has not happened any other day to you (plur.)
    and your grandfathers have not seen.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Hey you elders! Listen!
    All you people living in the land of Judah, give ear with proper attention!
    Has ever such a thing happened in your days
    or in the days of your forefather?” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “You (plur.) rulers of Juda and all its residents, [you (plur.)] listen to this which I will-tell you (plur.). Nothing yet has-happened like this (which happened) during the time of your (plur.) ancestors or during your (plur.) time now.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Listen to this that I say, you older-men and all people here-in Juda. Please think if there-is something-like this that happened in your time or in the time of your ancestors.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)

complete verse (Joel 1:3)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Joel 1:3:

  • Kupsabiny: “Show/explain this matter to your children
    so that they can tell it to their children
    and then those can also recount it to the coming generation.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Tell your sons and daughters about this matter,
    let your sons and daughters tell their sons and daughters,
    and again those sons and daughters will tell their next generation.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “This must be-told to each generation of your (plur.) descendants:” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Relate-it to your children so-that they will relate-it to their children and their children will also relate-it to those who come-next-in-line to them.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)

complete verse (Joel 1:4)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Joel 1:4:

  • Kupsabiny: “Locusts threw themselves onto the crops.
    One finished the food that the other had left.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “What the cutting locusts left; the swarming locusts have eaten.
    What the swarming locusts left, the hopping locusts have eaten,
    and what the hopping locusts left,
    the destroying locusts have eaten.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “One-after-another/[lit. follow-follow], the swarm/[lit. large-group] of locusts attacked. The remaining plants that were- not -finished-up by one swarm/[lit. large-group] (of locust) were- again -eaten by the next swarm/[lit. large-group] until the plants were-finished-up.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “The locusts have replaced-one-another in destroying the plants. What the ones-that-preceded left-behind, those-that-took-their-place finished-off (lit. used-up).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)

complete verse (Joel 1:5)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Joel 1:5:

  • Kupsabiny: “Wake up and cry oh, you drunkards.
    Let those who are drinking wine shout loudly.
    Shout (plur.) on account of the sweet wine
    because those vine plants the wine was made from are finished.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Hey you drunkards, wake up and cry out loud!
    All you who drink wine wail!
    Because from now on the wine will not reach your mouth.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “You (plur.) who (are) drunkards, [you (plur.)] rise-up and cry loudly! For you (plur.) have-nothing to-drink now; no more grapes to be-made into new wine.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Wake-up/Get-up you drunkards! Cry, because the grapes that they would have used to make new alcoholic-beverage (wine, beer, or commercial liquor; the word for rice-wine does not collocate with grapes) have already been ruined.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)

complete verse (Joel 1:6)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Joel 1:6:

  • Kupsabiny: “Locusts have raided our land.
    That swarm of locusts have covered everything completely!
    They had sharp teeth
    like those of a lion.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “A powerful group beyond number
    came up against my land,
    their teeth are the teeth of a lion,
    and they have the jaw-teeth of a lioness.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “For the land of the LORD was-attacked by terrible/terrifying locusts which (are) very great-in-number. Their teeth (are) sharp like the teeth of a lion.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “It’s as if one nation has destroyed our country. They are strong and they are not countable. Their teeth are sharp like the canines of a lion (loan layon).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)

complete verse (Joel 1:7)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Joel 1:7:

  • Kupsabiny: “That swarm of locusts ate our vine plants
    and they chewed up our fig trees.
    Trees were debarked
    the branches were left bare and without bark.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “They destroyed my grape vines,
    then ruined my fig trees.
    They stripped off the bark of the fig trees and threw it away
    and left the branches of the grape vines white.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “They have-destroyed the grape vines/[lit. plants] of the LORD and his fig trees. They gnaw its bark/[lit. skins] until the branches become-white.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “They have destroyed all-at-one-time our grape plants. They have also gradually-eaten-away our fig (loan igos) trees. They have broken-off their twigs and peeled-them (of their bark) and they have already become-white.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)

complete verse (Joel 1:8)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Joel 1:8:

  • Kupsabiny: “Cry like a girl who is mourning
    over the death of the man she thought would become her husband.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Grieve like a bride for the one who was to be her husband,
    wearing sackcloth, weeping and moaning for the wedding that never happened.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “‘[You (plur.)] cry like a young-unmarried-lady who puts-on sackcloth to show that she is-mourning for the death of her husband-to-be/fiancé.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “You ought to mourn like a young-woman who is wearing sacks to show her sorrow (lit. pain of her thoughts) since/because the one who would have married her has died.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)