Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Hosea 10:3)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Hosea 10:3:

  • Kupsabiny: “Then, (they) will say,
    ‘We have lost a king because we did not obey God.
    But there is nothing he could have done for us even if we had had one.’” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Then they will speak like this,
    "We no longer have a king because we did not revere the LORD.
    But even if we had a king,
    what would he be able to do for us?"” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Surely they will-say some-time-later, ‘We (excl.) do not have a king because we (excl.) did- not -respect the LORD. But even if we (excl.) have a king, he can- not -do any good for us (excl.).” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “At that time, they will-say, ‘We (excl.) have no king because we (excl.) did not fear God, but what would a king help- us (excl.) -with anyway?’” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “Then they will say, ‘It is because we did not revere Yahweh
    that we no longer have a king.
    But even if we had a king,
    he certainly could not do anything to help us.’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Hosea 10:4)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Hosea 10:4:

  • Kupsabiny: “They are proclaiming words that are not true,
    and they are not fulfilling what they have promised
    so quarrelling springs up in the land
    like a thistle that grows in the farm.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “They make many promises,
    take false oaths and make agreements.
    So, like weeds full of poison sprouting in a ploughed field,
    there have been many unjust verdicts.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “They just keep talking but they have-done nothing. They swear lies and make agreements which they do- not -follow. Therefore justice became like a poisonous grass which grows in the plowed ground.’” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Their many words have no use. They vow and make-agreements, but they do not fulfill-(them). What they call righteousness/justice, it is like poisonous weeds in a ploughed (rice)-field.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “They falsely promise that they will do many things;
    they solemnly promise and make agreements,
    but they do not do what they promise.
    So people accuse and sue each other in the courts;
    they are like poisonous weeds that grow in a plowed field.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Hosea 10:5)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Hosea 10:5:

  • Kupsabiny: “The people who live in Samaria are afraid/fearful
    on account of the idol of a heifer that is in Beth-aven.
    The people of that place will be fearful over that idol.
    Even the people who burn sacrifices will cry over it
    because what they were trusting in will be taken away.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The people who live in Samaria worry about
    the calf idol of Beth-aven.
    They will mourn for that idol.
    and so will its idolatrous priests,
    who had rejoiced by reason of its glory,
    For that idol has been taken away out of the land.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “‘The residents of Samaria will-be-afraid because will-disappear the little-gods/false-gods which-(are) heifer cows at Bet Aven. They and their priests who rejoice at the beauty of these little-gods/false-gods will- really -mourn because these will-be-taken-away from them” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Those-from-Samaria are-worried because-of the gold imitation cow that is a false/imitation god in Bet-aven. Its people and priests mourn and cry, because later indeed (predictive formula) its collectively-beautiful decorations will-be-taken-far-away.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “The people who live in Samaria city are worried about what may happen to the idol that resembles a calf that they set up at Beth-Aven town.
    The people in Samaria will mourn,
    and the priests there will cry about it
    if it is damaged or destroyed.
    Previously they shouted joyfully
    about its being very great;
    but now it will not be great any more.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Hosea 10:6)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Hosea 10:6:

  • Kupsabiny: “That thing will be taken to Assyria
    as a thing that is given to that great king (as a gift).
    Ephraim will be disgraced
    and be ashamed over that idol.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “That idol will be taken away to Assyria
    to be given as a gift to the great king.
    Ephraim will fall into shame.
    As for Israel, it will fall into shame because of its wooden idols.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “and will-be-brought to Asiria as a gift to the mighty king. Israel will-be-put-to-shame because of her trust in wooden little-gods.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Their false/imitation god will-be-taken to Assyria and will-be-offered to their important (lit: high) king. And the Israelita will-be-shamed because-of the bad advice that they followed.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “It will be taken to Assyria
    to be a gift for the great King of Assyria.
    So the people of Israel will be disgraced,
    and they will be ashamed
    because they trusted in that idol.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Hosea 10:7)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Hosea 10:7:

  • Kupsabiny: “The people of Samaria and their king will be swept away
    like when water removes a small branch.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Samaria and its king will perish,
    carried off by water like pieces of wood.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Her king will-be-destroyed and will-disapper as-if a little-piece-of-wood which was-carried-away by water.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Later indeed (predictive formula) the king in Samaria and his countrymates will-be-taken far-away like chips of wood that are carried-away-by-the-water.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “The King of Samaria and the other people in Samaria will be gone;
    they will be like a twig that floats away on the surface of the water and disappears.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Hosea 10:8)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Hosea 10:8:

  • Kupsabiny: “The worship places in the hills of Aven will be destroyed
    because that is where Israel committed sin.
    Thorn bushes and wild growth will grow there
    and cover up the altars.
    Then they will say to the hills, ‘Cover us,’
    and say also to the mountains, ‘Crash us.’” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Israel’s sin, that is to say,
    the high places of wickedness, will be destroyed.
    Thorns and nettles will come sprouting on their altars.
    And to the mountains they will say, "Come and cover us" and to the hills, "come and fall on us."” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The places-of-worship at the high places of Aven will-be-destroyed, which became the reason of the sinning of those (who) come-from-Israel. The thorny bushes will-grow-tall and will-cover their altars. Then they will-say to the mountains, ‘Landslide/fall-on us (excl.) and cover-(us)!’ ’” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “The place(s)-where- they -worship false/imitation gods at Aven which is the reason for the sinning of the Israelita will also be destroyed. Thorns will grow to cover-over their altars. And people will say to the mountains, ‘May you crumble-down so-that you will cover us (excl.).’” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “The altars on the tops of hills where the people worshiped idols will be destroyed;
    those have been the places where the people of Israel sinned greatly.
    Thorns and weeds will grow and cover those altars.
    Then the people will plead to the mountains and hills,
    ‘Fall down and cover us
    to protect us from God punishing us!’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Hosea 10:9)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Hosea 10:9:

  • Kupsabiny: “God says,
    ‘Oh, Israel, you have sinned
    from those days of Gibeah
    and you have remained like that.
    Might not war finish those sinners in Gibeah?” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The LORD says, "O Israel, from the time that you sinned in Gibeah even until now,
    you have not stopped sinning against me.
    Did not war against
    evil doers befall them in Gibeah?” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The LORD said, ‘You (plur.) people of Israel continue to sin since the time that your (plur.) ancestors sinned at Gibea. You (plur.) never/(intensifier) changed. Therefore you (plur.) descendants of the wicked-ones will-be-attacked at Gibeah.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “You people of Israel, ever since your ancestors did evil things at Gibeah,
    you have continued to sin.
    When the people at Gibeah did evil things,
    the result was a war in which thousands of people died.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Hosea 10:10)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Hosea 10:10:

  • Kupsabiny: “I will punish them on the day that I wish
    and communities will gather against them.
    They will fight them and tie them in chains
    on account of their many sins.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “When it becomes my desire, I will punish them.
    The nations will gather against them
    to tie them up for their double sin.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “In/By my own-will I will-punish you (plur.). Nations will-unite to punish you (plur.) because of your (plur.) continuous sinning.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “So now, when I want to, I will punish the Israeli people.
    Because of the many sins that they have committed,
    the armies of other nations will gather to attack them,
    and they will cause the Israeli people to become their slaves.” (Source: Translation for Translators)