The commonly-used German idiom in Sack und Asche gehen (literally “to walk about in sackcloth and ashes”), which today is primarily used meaning “do penance,” but not limited to religious penance, was made popular in 1534 in the German Bible translation by Martin Luther (in the form “einen Sack und Asche anlegen und gehen” or “to put on sackcloth and ash and walk about”) (Source: Zetzsche)

For other idioms or terms in German that were coined by Bible translation, see here.