Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Acts 4:2)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 4:2:

  • Uma: “The Saduki people did not believe that the dead will live again. That’s why they were very angry hearing Petrus and Yohanes teaching the people that Yesus lived again, because that teaching of theirs made clear that dead people would live again.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “They were very angry because Petros and company were teaching the people, affirming strongly that because Isa was/is alive again, the dead would/will also be alive again in the future.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And as for these leaders, they were angry at Peter and company for teaching the people that the resurrection of Jesus is proof that people will be raised from the dead in the future.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “They became/had-become-angry because plural Pedro were teaching that Jesus lived again, therefore all who die will also live.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “They really couldn’t accept what those two were doing teaching the people and saying that Jesus had been made alive again, and that is what gives testimony that people will indeed be made alive again.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Chuj: “Those rulers became angry, because Peter and John were teaching the people. Peter and John were telling out that the dead will come alive again like Jesus came alive again.” (Source for this and above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

complete verse (Acts 3:20)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 3:20:

  • Uma: “So relatives, repent from your sins and submit to the Lord God, so that he may forgive your sins. From there, the Lord God will strengthen your hearts and he will order Yesus to come to us. Because he is the one whom God decided upon from-the-start to become our Redeemer King.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So-then times of encouraging your livers will be coming/arriving from God, and he will send back into the world Isa, he is Almasi the one chosen to rule over you.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And he will send here to us Jesus, who is the one he chose to rule over us.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because if you do that, God will cause-to-arrive a time of calming and strengthening of the mind/thoughts, and furthermore he will again send Jesus the Messiah whom he appointed previously to rule over us.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Provided you will do this, God will give you far-from-ordinary happiness and peace/protection of your mind/inner-being. And also, the day will come when he will again cause Jesu-Cristo to descend, that Savior whom God ordained to reign over us.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Chuj: “God will send again Jesus the second time because God has given remaining Christ’s office to be your savior.
  • Teutila Cuicatec: “Then he will send again Jesus, the one who is Christ, who was set apart for you since former times.
  • Morelos Nahuatl: “Then God will send Jesus Christ again. God chose him in order to save you from your sins.”
  • Rincón Zapotec: “God will send again Jesus, the Christ whom he designated since before to be your ruler.”
  • Tataltepec Chatino: “Then God will give orders to Jesus to come back again, Jesus whom God chose to be your boss.” (Source for this and three above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

complete verse (Acts 3:19)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 3:19:

  • Uma: “So relatives, repent from your sins and submit to the Lord God, so that he may forgive your sins. From there, the Lord God will strengthen your hearts and he will order Yesus to come to us. Because he is the one whom God decided upon from-the-start to become our Redeemer King.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Na,’ Petros said, ‘regret and let-go-of your sins, and return now to God so that he will remove/take-away your sins.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And now it is necessary that we (incl.) the descendants of Israel, we must abandon our bad customs. Let’s pray to God and he will forgive us our sins. And then there will be a time when our breath will be given the strength which comes from God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Repent therefore of your sins so you will turn-to-face God, so then he will forget your sins.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Therefore now, repent/be-sorry truly and submit to God, so that you may be forgiven, that your sins may be removed.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Chuj: “Therefore think yourselves; change yourselves, put your minds into God so that your sins will be caused to be finished-remaining out. If thus, there is a time God will send peace to you.”
  • Teutila Cuicatec: “Now repent of your sins and call on God so that he can forgive you and quiet and encourage your hearts. (Source for this and above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

complete verse (Acts 3:6)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 3:6:

  • Uma: “Petrus also said: ‘I don’t have any money. But what I do have, that is what I give to you: With the power of Yesus Kristus of Nazaret I say, walk!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But Petros said, ‘I have really no money. But I give you what I have. By the power of Isa Almasi, the man of Nasaret, I command/tell you to walk.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Peter said, ‘I don’t have any gold or silver, but what I do have, I give to you. Because of the power of the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth, you are able to walk.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Whereupon Pedro said, ‘I have absolutely no money, but what I do have, that is what-I will-help-you (sing.) -with. On-account-of the power of the name of Jesu Cristo from-Nazaret, walk.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But Pedro said, ‘As for silver and gold, we (excl.) have none to give, but there is indeed something else I will give you. Through the strength of the supernatural-power of Jesu-Cristo the taga Nazaret, stand up right now for you will now be able to walk.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Chuj: “But Peter said: ‘I have no money at all. But what I can do by God, that I will do for you. Only because of his-power Jesus Christ from Nazareth, stand up; walk,’ said Peter.” (Source: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

complete verse (Acts 2:44)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 2:44:

  • Uma: “All of those believers in Yesus, they were united/agreed. Their belongings they had in common.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “All who trusted in Isa were together, and whatever they had they shared/gave to each other if someone was in need.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The unity of the believers was strong. That person who had possessions, he gave also to his companions.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “All the believers were continuing to meet-together and share-with-each-other their possessions.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “As for the believers, what they did was, they were always/often gathering together and they were all really harmonious. They didn’t hold-back any of their possessions which were needed by their sibling in believing.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Chuj: “All of them who had believed in Jesus were united in mind. Everything of theirs, one only they treated it (as common property).”
  • Isthmus Mixe: “The ones who had believed were working together. They owned everything together.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “All that believed followed one another and what they had they gave to one another.”
  • Lalana Chinantec: “All the people who believed the words of God were continually coming together; they were very kind to their companions. They never reserved for themselves all of their things.” (Source for this and three above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

complete verse (Acts 2:27)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 2:27:

  • Uma: “Because you (sing.) do not abandon my soul to stay in the dwelling-place of the dead, my body you (sing.) do not abandon in the grave until rotten, because I an your (sing.) servant whom you chose.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Because you will not leave me in the land of the dead. You will not abandon/leave my body to rot. I am your holy servant.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Because I know that you will not just never mind my soul there in the place of the dead. I, your faithful servant, I know also that you will not permit that my body will become rotten.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “that you (sing.) will not abandon-me in the place of the dead. You (sing.) also will not allow my body to rot, because I singlemindedly/persistently serve you (sing.).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “you won’t leave/desert my spirit there in the wherever of the dead. You won’t leave my body to rot in the grave, I who am always obeying your will.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Chuj: “Because you, my Lord, you will not leave my spirit among the dead. You will not allow to decay the body of the one very precious in your sight.”
  • Morelos Nahuatl: “I have much confidence because you will not leave my soul to remain forever among the dead ones. Neither will you leave my body to decay because I am your son and I am good.”
  • Teutila Cuicatec: “…nor let thy Holy One see corruption nor will you allow me, whom you love, to rot away.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “…will not cause my body to rot, your good son.”
  • Isthmus Mixe: “…neither will you leave your clean-hearted son to rot.”
  • (source for this and five above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

complete verse (Acts 2:24)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 2:24:

  • Uma: “You [emphatic] killed Yesus, but God made him live again. He freed him from the power of death, because he certainly could not stay dead.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But God caused him to be alive again. He was set free from the oppression/hardship of his death, because he could not really be governed by death.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “However God set Jesus free (saved, rescued), and he raised him from the dead because it is not possible that death might keep him bound.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But God, he made-him-alive again, because it was not possible that death could restrain him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “You really were able to cause this Jesus to be killed, but he was made alive again by God, for it isn’t possible/acceptable that he be restrained by death.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Chuj: “But God, he caused Jesus to come back to life again. He was able to come back to life because death had no effectiveness to Jesus.”
  • Xicotepec De Juárez Totonac: “God raised him from the dead. He took him out of the place of the dead because it was not possible for him to remain dead.”
  • Teutila Cuicatec: “But God brought him to life again, taking him out of the hand of death, because it was not possible that he should continue where death rules.” (Source for this and two above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

complete verse (Acts 2:23)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 2:23:

  • Uma: “That Yesus was offered to you, and you killed him, you offered him to evil people in order that they crucify him. But-in-fact what happened exactly followed the command/plan that God made-certain from-the-first, for God knew from-the-first what must happen.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “God knew beforehand and (it was) from his will that this Isa was delivered into your hands/holding and he had planned this for Isa. And you told/commanded sinful men/people to nail Isa on the post and to kill (him).” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And this Jesus, a person delivered him to you. God already knew about this beforehand because this is what he had foreordained for Jesus. You caused him to be killed by people who do not worship God, and they nailed him to a cross.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “This Jesus, God originally decided that he be-handed-over to you, because that was his plan long-ago and he knew it would be fulfilled. And you had-him-killed, handing-him-over to bad people so they would nail him to the cross.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But, well, you handed him over to people who don’t acknowledge God, for you caused him to be killed on a cross. But it’s true, this was only the fulfilling of what God determined.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “A long time ago God knew what you did to his Son, and God allowed you to put him on the cross by the hands of the wicked and kill him.”
  • Chuj: “But that Jesus he was given into your hands; because thus it was God’s will it happened. God, he knew it already before, what would come upon Jesus. You, you borrowed the hands of bad people so that you grab Jesus. You put him on a cross. He died because of you.”
  • Isthmus Mixe: “God had appointed that Jesus be handed over to evil people. God had known that Jesus would be murdered. You made up your minds that evil people should nail Jesus to a cross and kill him.”
  • Morelos Nahuatl: “This Jesus God delivered to you because thus God determined before and he knew he was going to do it that way. In the hands of bad men you crucified Jesus and so you killed him.”
  • Teutila Cuicatec: “When he came into your hands, as God established even from former times, you took him prisoner and turned him over into the hands of sinful men. They crucified him and they killed him because that was what you wanted.
  • Coatlán Mixe: “Judas Iscariot delivered this Jesus to you in just the manner which God had planned beforehand. And you grabbed him and killed him when you delivered him to bad people and let them kill him on the cross.
  • Xicotepec De Juárez Totonac: “Jesus was delivered up to men. You had lawless men crucify him. All this was according to God’s plan and foreknowledge.” (source for this and six above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)