Outside are: this means that they will not be allowed to enter the city: “They will be kept outside the city” or “The following people will not be allowed to enter the city.”

In 21.8 all of these, except the dogs, are included among those destined to the lake of burning sulfur.

The dogs: as commentators point out, this was an expression that was applied by Jews to Gentiles (see Psa 22.16, 20; Matt 15.26, 27). And in Phil 3.2 it is used of those who were trying to impose Jewish laws on Christians. It is difficult to say what, precisely, the word means here; perhaps it means much the same as the “polluted” in 21.8, that is, “filthy heathens.” Some suggest that this is a general term, further defined by the following terms. Alternative translation models for this phrase are “people who have made themselves dirty (or, unclean) through worshiping idols” or “people who have committed the following foul (or, dirty) sins.”

Sorcerers … fornicators … murderers … idolaters: see 21.8.

Every one who loves and practices falsehood: “all who love to lie and do it all the time” (see “all liars” in 21.8).

Quoted with permission from Bratcher, Robert G. and Hatton, Howard A. A Handbook on The Revelation to John. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1993. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .