Most of the comments on verses 3-9 apply here as well.

On the west side shall be the standard of the camp of Ephraim means Ephraim and the other tribes in its group must camp on the west side of the Tent of Meeting. In many languages the cardinal point west is translated in reference to the setting of the sun. The west side in Hebrew is literally “seaward” since it is in reference to the Mediterranean Sea. The camp of Ephraim refers to the tribes of Ephraim, Manasseh, and Benjamin.

The leader of the people of Ephraim being Elishama the son of Ammihud: See 1.10.

And next to him shall be the tribe of Manasseh: This clause is slightly different from the parallel clauses in verses 5, 12 and 27, since it is lacking “those to encamp” in the Hebrew. But in this context this variation does not lead to a difference in meaning. The pronoun him refers to the tribe of Ephraim. Contemporary English Version makes this clear by rendering this clause as “On one side of Ephraim will be the tribe of Manasseh.”

The leader of the people of Manasseh being Gamaliel the son of Pedahzur: See 1.10.

In some languages it will be more natural and seem less repetitive if Then the tribe of Benjamin (verse 22) is moved to the beginning of verse 20, combining it with the tribe of Manasseh as follows: “Those [to camp] next to the tribe of Ephraim shall be the tribes of Manasseh and Benjamin….”

The leader of the people of Benjamin being Abidan the son of Gideoni: See 1.11.

They shall set out third on the march: The pronoun They refers to the three tribes under the banner of Ephraim. Set out … on the march renders the same Hebrew verb as at the end of verse 9 (see the comments there).

Quoted with permission from de Regt, Lénart J. and Wendland, Ernst R. A Handbook on Numbers. (UBS Helps for Translators). Miami: UBS, 2016. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .