And in the morning probably means “tomorrow morning” (Translator’s Old Testament), or “when the sun rises tomorrow,” rather than each morning. (But see the comment on “evening” at verse 6.) You shall see the glory of the LORD should be understood here to mean seeing, with the eyes, the kavod of Yahweh. The word literally means weight or burden, but in reference to God it refers to his splendor or magnificence. Glory is the usual translation of kavod, but even this is a quality that cannot be seen with the eyes. New Jewish Publication Society’s Tanakh translates it as “you shall behold the Presence of the LORD.” Translator’s Old Testament has “a display of the LORD’s power,” and Good News Translation has “the dazzling light of the LORD’s presence.” What they actually saw in verse 10 remains a mystery, and it should not be thought of as the manna in verse 8. So translators may say either “You will see God display his power” or “You will see the dazzling light showing that the LORD is here.” A translation like “dazzling light” or “a very bright light” is more likely because of the reference to it in verse 12.

Because he has heard your murmurings refers to the murmurings against Moses and Aaron in verse 2. Yahweh has considered them as directed “against him” (Good News Translation). Murmurings may also be expressed as “grumblings” or “complaints”; for example, “He has heard you complaining against him.” Against the LORD is more naturally translated as “against him” (Good News Translation, Contemporary English Version). For what are we is a rhetorical question that refers to Moses and Aaron. The obvious answer is “We are nothing” (New English Bible). Changing the what to “who” is more natural in English (so New Jewish Publication Society’s Tanakh, New International Version, Revised English Bible, and others). That you murmur against us is still part of the rhetorical question, meaning “Why complain against us?” or “Your complaints against us are really against Yahweh.” Good News Translation removes the question but may add too much implied information: “we are only carrying out his instructions.” Contemporary English Version has “Why should you grumble to us? Who are we?” One may also say “Why are you complaining to us? We have no importance at all!”

Quoted with permission from Osborn, Noel D. and Hatton, Howard A. A Handbook on Exodus. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 1999. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .