For their sake I have overthrown many kings: Many kings probably refers to the enemy leaders whom God helped his people defeat during their forty years in the Sinai Wilderness and during their conquest of Canaan (see Psa 135.10-11). For their sake may be rendered “to help them.”

I struck down Pharaoh with his servants, and all his army refers to the events of Exo 14. The verb struck down may be translated “destroyed.” Pharaoh is a title for the king of Egypt, so Good News Bible and Contemporary English Version say “the king of Egypt.” His servants refers to “his officials” (Good News Bible).

An alternative model for this verse is:

• To help them, I overthrew [or, defeated] many kings. I destroyed the king of Egypt with all his officials and his whole army [or, and all his soldiers].

Quoted with permission from Bullard, Roger A. and Hatton, Howard A. A Handbook on 1-2 Esdras. (UBS Helps for Translators). Miami: UBS, 2019. For this and other handbooks for translators see here.