So: the common Hebrew conjunction is correctly translated as a logical connector in this context.
Holy bread: see the comment on verse 4. This bread is also called the bread of the Presence, literally “the bread of the face,” that is, bread placed before the face of God. Fresh bread was placed on the table each Sabbath (see Lev 24.5-9). In English translations this is often translated this as “bread of the Presence” (Revised Standard Version, New Revised Standard Version, Revised English Bible, New International Version) or “shewbread” (King James Version, New American Bible). Other translations include “the bread of display” (New Jewish Publication Society’s Tanakh), “the loaves of permanent display” (New Jerusalem Bible), and “the bread of offering” (Traduction œcuménique de la Bible). Unless it would be considered something different from the holy bread, the same term should be used here that is used to translate this expression in its other occurrences in the Hebrew text (for example, Exo 25.30; 35.13; Num 4.7; 1 Kgs 7.48) and in the New Testament (Mark 2.26).
Which is removed … on the day it is taken away: though the wording of the Hebrew is somewhat ambiguous, it seems probable that the bread given to David was not the bread on the table at that time, as Revised Standard Version may suggest, but was rather the bread that had recently been removed and replaced by fresh bread, as the law required (so Good News Translation; Revised English Bible and New American Bible are similar to Good News Translation). The passive formulation is removed (Good News Translation “had been removed”) may be rendered actively by saying “which the priests had removed” or something similar. The participle in the Masoretic Text that is translated which is removed is plural. This participle is, however, singular in a Hebrew manuscript from Qumran, and the singular seems to agree better grammatically with the word bread, which is singular in Hebrew. Critique Textuelle de l’Ancien Testament, however, gives a {B} rating to plural of the MT, noting that the word bread is plural in meaning.
Hot bread may be translated as “fresh loaves” (Contemporary English Version) or “freshly baked bread” (Revised English Bible).
Quoted with permission from Omanson, Roger L. and Ellington, John E. A Handbook on the First and Second Books of Samuel, Volume 1. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 2001. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .
