Exegesis:

kai oudeis ballei oinon neon eis askous palaious ‘and nobody pours new wine into old wineskins.’ kai characterizes what follows as a continuation of the parabolē of v. 36. ballei is used here in the sense ‘to put’ or ‘to pour’ (of liquids, cf. Jn. 3.5; Mt. 26.12).

askos (also v. 38) ‘leather bag,’ ‘wineskin.’

rēxei ho oinos ho neos tous askous, kai autos ekchuthēsetai kai hoi askoi apolountai ‘the new wine will burst the wineskins, and he will be spilt and the wineskins will be lost.’ Of these three clauses the first stands apart, indicating an event of which the other two (which go closely together) describe the consequences, cf. “the new wine will burst the skins—the wine will be spilt and the skins ruined” (Phillips). kai autos refers to ‘the wine’ in contrast with the ‘wineskins’ mentioned in the next clause. rēgnumi.

ekcheō ‘to pour out,’ here in the passive ‘to be poured out,’ ‘to be spilled.’

Translation:

New … old, here in the sense of ‘young/fresh/beginning to ferment’ and ‘old/worn out/rotten,’ etc.; since the use of the more specific among these renderings would lessen, or even spoil, the synonymity with the pair in v. 36, they should only be employed where strictly necessary for reasons if idiom.

Wine, see also on 1.15.

Wineskins. May be added some cultural equivalents, i.e. ‘gourd,’ used in Guhu-Samane, or ‘bamboo tube (for storing palmwine),’ used in Batak Toba only in v. 38 (presumably because the wine is normally stored in new, not in old bamboo tubes), whereas in v. 37 the more generic word ‘container’ is preferred.

Will be spilled, or, ‘will run out,’ ‘will be wasted.’

Will be destroyed, or, ‘will be lost/ruined,’ ‘will go to pieces,’ ‘will become bad’ (Tae’).

Quoted with permission from Reiling, J. and Swellengrebel, J.L. A Handbook on the Gospel of Luke. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1971. For this and other handbooks for translators see here . Make sure to also consult the Handbook on the Gospel of Mark for parallel or similar verses.