17:9a

they collected bond from Jason and the others: The city officials required Jason and the other believers to pay a sum of money. The officials made Jason and the others promise something. They would get their money back when they did as promised. The city officials probably made them promise to make Paul and Silas leave the city. They may have also made them promise to cause no further trouble for a certain period of time. Other ways to translate this clause are:

when they had taken money as security from Jason and the rest (English Standard Version)
-or-
the officials forced Jason and the other believers to post bond (New Living Translation (2004))
-or-
they made Jason and the others put some money in their hands and promise to correct the problem, at which time they would get their money back
-or-
they required Jason and the others to promise to deal with this issue. They also required them to put a sum of money before them until this issue was dealt with.

they: The pronoun they refers to the city officials here.

17:9b

released them: This clause refers to ending the arrest. Jason and the other believers were then allowed to go where they chose to go. Other ways to translate this are:

allowed them to go ⌊home⌋

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