Translation commentary on 1 Esdras 8:19 - 8:20

Verses 19-22 should be a separate paragraph (so Revised Standard Version, Good News Bible). In these verses King Artaxerxes gives orders to certain royal officials in the area of Judah. In verse 19 these officials are spoken of in the third person, but in verse 22 they are addressed in the second person. Readers will find it easier if third person (so Contemporary English Version and models below) or second person is used for them throughout this paragraph.

And I, Artaxerxes the king, have commanded the treasurers of Syria and Phoenicia that whatever Ezra the priest and reader of the law of the Most High God sends for, they shall take care to give him: In case Ezra finds, when he returns to Jerusalem, that he does not have all he needs to restore proper worship in Jerusalem, the king orders the royal treasurers who are much closer to Jerusalem than the Persian capital to supply the need (compare 1 Esd 6.29). Treasurers were located at various centers in the Persian Empire and were responsible for the expenditure of government money. They were the officials who controlled or who took care of the finances and the resources that belonged to the government. The treasurers here were not from the time of Sisinnes and Sathrabuzanes (1 Esd 6.3), but were officials at the much later time when Ezra returned. For Syria and Phoenicia, see the comments on 1 Esd 2.17, where “Coelesyria” is used instead of Syria. For reader of the law, see 1 Esdras 8.8; for Most High God, see 1 Esd 6.31.

Up to a hundred talents of silver, and likewise up to a hundred cors of wheat, a hundred baths of wine, and salt in abundance: Verse 20 puts limits on what the royal treasurers are authorized to give Ezra. For a hundred talents of silver, which is equivalent to about 3,400 kilograms (7,500 pounds) of silver, see the comments on 1 Esd 1.35-36. A hundred cors of wheat is equivalent to about 22,000 liters (600 bushels) of wheat. The cor was a unit of measure for volume or capacity, used for dry measure as well as for olive oil. It is equal to about 220 liters or 6 bushels. A hundred baths of wine is equivalent to about 2,200 liters (600 gallons) of wine. The bath (a Hebrew word, not to be confused with the English word “bath”) was a unit of liquid measure. It is equal to about 22 liters or 6 gallons. Salt in abundance means there is no limit placed on it. For wheat, wine and salt, see the comments on 1 Esd 6.30.

Here is an alternative model for verses 19-20:

• 19 “I, King Artaxerxes, [hereby] command the treasurers of the province of Phoenicia and Greater Syria that they must provide whatever Ezra, the priest and scholar of God Most High, requests, 20 up to 3,400 kilograms of silver, 22,000 liters of wheat, 2,200 liters of wine, and all the salt that is needed.

Quoted with permission from Bullard, Roger A. and Hatton, Howard A. A Handbook on 1-2 Esdras. (UBS Helps for Translators). Miami: UBS, 2019. For this and other handbooks for translators see here.

Subscribe
Notify of
guest
0 Comments
Oldest
Newest Most Voted
Inline Feedbacks
View all comments